Trial reportOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2021
One-year results of the Variation of Orthokeratology Lens Treatment Zone (VOLTZ) Study: a prospective randomised clinical trial.
Trial report in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05348369 (The Relationship of Relative Corneal Refractive Power Shift and Axial Length in Adolescents With Orthokeratology Lens), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Relationship of Relative Corneal Refractive Power Shift and Axial Length in Adolescents With Orthokeratology Lens
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of orthokeratology in controlling myopia in adolescents aged 6-18 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of interventions for myopia control in children: A systematic review with network meta-analyses.Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of the study design and statistical practices in randomized controlled trials on myopia treatment (2019-2023).BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Myopia management algorithm. Annexe to the article titled Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute.European journal of ophthalmology · 2024Guideline
- Interventions for myopia control in children: a living systematic review and network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Combined Small Treatment Zone Orthokeratology and Alternate-Day 0.01% Atropine for Axial Elongation Control in Rapidly Progressing Myopic Children.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Trial
- [Effect of Back Optical Zone Diameter of Orthokeratology Lens on Visual Quality in Myopic Children].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Trial
- A Novel Model for Cornea Power Shift in Eyes Wearing Orthokeratology Lenses With Different Back Optic Zone Diameters for Myopia Control.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Trial
- The Impact of Back Optic Zone Design in Orthokeratology on Visual Performance.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Trial
- One-year results of the Variation of Orthokeratology Lens Treatment Zone (VOLTZ) Study: a prospective randomised clinical trial.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2021Trial
- Low-Dose Atropine and Other Interventions for Pediatric Myopia: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis of Efficacy and Post-treatment Outcomes.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Analysis of the factors influencing the treatment zone area after overnight orthokeratology lens wearing.Journal of optometry · 2026Article
- Comparative effectiveness of orthokeratology versus highly aspherical lenslets in slowing myopia progression: a retrospective study.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- Effect of Switching Myopia Control Strategies on Axial Elongation in Children with Poor Response to Highly Aspherical Lenslet Therapy.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Effects of orthokeratology with different back optic zone diameters on corneal biomechanics and myopia control: a 1-year randomized, double-blind, self-controlled study.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- Efficacy of different optical zone design with different myopia control for corneal refractive therapy (CRT): a one-year prospective cohort study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- A Multimodal Multitask Artificial Intelligence Model for Orthokeratology Contact Lens Fitting: An Integrated Framework to Enhance Lens Centration and Myopia Control Effect.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Myopia Management Consensus Statement in South Korean Children 2025 by the Korean Myopia Society for the Korean Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2026Review
- Effect of orthokeratology lens wear on axial length elongation in myopic children.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo present the 1-year results of the Variation of Orthokeratology Lens Treatment Zone (VOLTZ) Study, which aims to investigate the myopia control effect of orthokeratology (ortho-k) lenses with different back optic zone diameters (BOZD).
methodChildren, aged 6 to <11 years, having myopia -4.00 D to -0.75 D, were randomly assigned to wear ortho-k lenses with 6 mm (6-MM group) or 5 mm (5-MM group) BOZD. Data collection included changes in refraction, vision, lens performance and binding, ocular health conditions, axial length and characteristics of the treatment zone (TZ) area.
resultsThe 1-year results of 34 and 36 subjects (right eye only) in the 6-MM and 5-MM groups, respectively, are presented. No significant differences in baseline demographics were found between the groups (p > 0.05). The first-fit success rates, based on satisfactory centration at the 1-month visit, were 100% and 94% respectively. Horizontal TZ size was 0.92 mm and 0.72 mm smaller in the 5-MM group at the 6-month and 12-month visits, respectively (p < 0.05). At the 12-month visit, no significant between-group differences were found in the incidence of corneal staining (low grade only), lens binding and visual performance (all p > 0.05). Axial elongation was slower in the 5-MM group (0.04 ± 0.15 mm) than the 6-MM group (0.17 ± 0.13 mm) (p = 0.001). A significant positive correlation was observed between the horizontal TZ size and axial elongation (r = 0.36, p = 0.006).
conclusionClinical performance of the two ortho-k lenses was similar, indicating that a smaller BOZD (5 mm) did not affect lens performance or ocular integrity. However, a smaller BOZD led to a reduced TZ, with retardation of axial elongation by 0.13 mm compared to conventional 6 mm BOZD ortho-k lenses after one year of lens wear.
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