Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33990937›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental medicine and child neurology2021

Sleep problems in children with cerebral palsy and their parents.

Raquel Y Hulst, Jan Willem Gorter, Jeanine M Voorman, Eveline Kolk, Sanne Van Der Vossen, Johanna M A Visser-Meily, Marjolijn Ketelaar, Sigrid Pillen, Olaf Verschuren

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental medicine and child neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pain in adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2025
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  14. A good night's sleep: pain trajectories and sleep disturbance in children with cerebral palsy.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Raquel Y HulstCenter of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2674-7511
Jan Willem GorterDepartment of Pediatrics, CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3012-2119
Jeanine M VoormanCenter of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Eveline KolkDepartment of Child and Youth, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Sanne Van Der VossenDepartment of Child and Youth, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Johanna M A Visser-MeilyCenter of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Marjolijn KetelaarCenter of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-8324-518X
Sigrid PillenSleep Medicine Center, Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, the Netherlands.
Olaf VerschurenCenter of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4443-5327
Utrecht University · NLDe Hoogstraat Revalidatie · NLKempenhaeghe · NLMcMaster University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo describe: (1) the frequency and types of sleep problems, (2) parent-rated satisfaction with their child's and their own sleep, and (3) child factors related to the occurrence of sleep problems in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their parents. The secondary objective was to compare the sleep outcomes of children with CP with those from typically developing children and their parents.

methodThe Sleep section of the 24-hour activity checklist was used to assess the sleep of children with CP and their parents and the sleep of typically developing children and their parents.

resultsThe sleep outcomes of 90 children with CP (median age 5y, range 0-11y, 53 males, 37 females, 84.4% ambulatory) and 157 typically developing peers (median age 5y, range 0-12y; 79 males, 78 females) and their parents were collected. Children with CP were more likely to have a sleep problem than typically developing children. Non-ambulatory children with CP were more severely affected by sleep problems than ambulatory children. The parents of non-ambulatory children were less satisfied about their child's and their own sleep. Waking up during the night, pain/discomfort in bed, and daytime fatigue were more common in children with CP and more prevalent in children who were non-ambulatory.

interpretationThese findings highlight the need to integrate sleep assessment into routine paediatric health care practice. What this paper adds Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are more likely to have a sleep problem than typically developing peers. Non-ambulatory children with CP are more severely affected by sleep problems. One-third of parents of children with CP report feeling sleep-deprived often or always compared to a quarter of parents of typically developing children.

Indexed as

ParentsCerebral PalsyChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleSleep Wake Disorders

Identifiers

PMID33990937
PMCPMC8597175
OpenAlexW3163853441

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.