ArticleThoracic cancer2021
Impact of concomitant medication on clinical outcomes in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective study.
Article in Thoracic cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The use of antibiotic, probiotic, and fecal microbiota transplantation in modulating immunotherapy efficacy and survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes.The oncologist · 2026Pooled it
- Modulating the gut microbiome to enhance cancer immunotherapy: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis of probiotics and FMT as adjuncts.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Renin-angiotensin system inhibitor use and survival outcomes in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Statins use and prognosis in lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: evidence from a meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors and immunotherapy outcomes in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis with complementary transcriptomic analyses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Assessing the impact of probiotics on immunotherapy effectiveness and antibiotic-mediated resistance in cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Concomitant use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors augments the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Acid suppressants reduce the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors and increase the risk of acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis.International journal of clinical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- The negative impact of opioids on cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Do proton pump inhibitors alter the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients? A meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of concomitant medications on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors: an umbrella review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- The correlation between probiotic use and outcomes of cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Concomitant Statins and the Survival of Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Concomitant Use of Analgesics on Prognosis in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- An Up-To-Date Investigation Into the Correlation Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and the Clinical Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Solid Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Crosstalk Between Opioids and the Anti-Tumour Immune Checkpoint Axis.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Article
- Impact of Exposure to Benzodiazepines on Adverse Effects and Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Thoracic cancer · 2025Article
- From Bench to Bedside: Translational Approaches to Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Lymphoma Therapies.Cancers · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIt has recently been suggested that concomitant medication may affect the clinical outcome of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, only a few studies on the impact of concomitant medication on immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have previously been reported. Here, we aimed to determine the impact of concomitant medication on the efficacy and safety of ICIs.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 300 patients treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between January 2016 and July 2018. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the effect of concomitant medication on treatment response or irAEs. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate concomitant medication-related factors associated with time-to-treatment failure or overall survival (OS).
resultsA total of 70 patients responded to treatment and 137 experienced irAEs. The response rate and incidence of irAEs in patients treated with ICIs were not significantly associated with concomitant medication. Multivariate analysis showed that the use of opioids was an independent factor (time-to-treatment failure: hazard ratio 1.39, p = 0.021, OS: hazard ratio 1.54, p = 0.007).
conclusionsThe efficacy and safety of nivolumab or pembrolizumab in the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC were not significantly influenced by concomitant medication. However, opioid usage might be associated with shorter OS in patients treated with these ICIs. Further mechanistic investigations should explore whether these associations are purely prognostic or contribute to ICI resistance.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.