SynthesisClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2021
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use Is Not Strongly Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Related Outcomes: A Nationwide Study and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-hospital proton pump inhibitor use and clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A retrospective case-control study.World journal of virology · 2025Article
- Analyzing Prescribing Trends of Gastric Acid Suppressants in the UK Using Segmented Regression: Evaluating the Influence of COVID-19 (2019-2024).Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, interactions with other drugs, toxicity and clinical effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Children.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Article
- The impact of COVID-19 on Japanese patients with eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders during the vaccination era.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2023Article
- COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Tract: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Manifestations.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists and Proton Pump Inhibitors Are Associated With Reduced Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Without Comorbidities Including Diabetes, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia: A Propensity Score-Matched Nationwide Cohort Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Miscellaneous Inflammatory Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2023Review
- The elusive role of proton pump inhibitors in COVID-19: Can plasma Chromogranin A levels hold the key?Pharmacological research · 2023Article
- Factors Associated With Poor Outcomes Among Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Infection and Gastrointestinal Symptoms.Gastro hep advances · 2023Article
- Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on the Pediatric Population with Aerodigestive Disease.The Journal of pediatrics · 2022Article
- The Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Review
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis Patients Are Not at Increased Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Report From a Global Registry.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- The Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitors and COVID-19 is Confounded by Hyperglycemia in a Population-Based Study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- COVID-19 Mortality: The Culprit May Not Be Proton Pump Inhibitors.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsProton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has been associated with increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe outcomes. However, meta-analyses show unclear results, leading to uncertainty regarding the safety of PPI use during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
methodsWe conducted a nationwide observational study including all SARS-CoV-2 cases (n = 83,224) in Denmark as of December 1, 2020. The association of current PPI use with risk of infection was examined in a case-control design. We investigated the risk of severe outcomes, including mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admission, or death, in current PPI users (n = 4473) compared with never users. Propensity score matching was applied to control for confounding. Finally, we performed an updated meta-analysis on risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 mortality attributable to PPI use.
resultsCurrent PPI use was associated with increased risk of infection; adjusted odds ratio, 1.08 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.13). Among SARS-CoV-2 cases, PPI use was associated with increased risk of hospital admission; adjusted relative risk, 1.13 (1.03-1.24), but not with other severe outcomes. The updated meta-analysis showed no association between PPI use and risk of infection or mortality; pooled odds ratio, 1.00 (95% CI, 0.75-1.32) and relative risk, 1.33 (95% CI, 0.71-2.48).
conclusionsCurrent PPI use may be associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospital admission, but these results with minimally elevated estimates are most likely subject to residual confounding. No association was found for severe outcomes. The results from the meta-analysis indicated no impact of current PPI use on COVID-19 outcomes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.