Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33989521›Full record

ArticleCell metabolism2021

Food colorants metabolized by commensal bacteria promote colitis in mice with dysregulated expression of interleukin-23.

Zhengxiang He, Lili Chen, Jovani Catalan-Dibene, Gerold Bongers, Jeremiah J Faith, Chalada Suebsuwong, Robert J DeVita, Zeli Shen, James G Fox, Juan J Lafaille and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  8. Food Additives: Emerging Detrimental Roles on Gut Health.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025
    Review
  9. Diet's impact on gut microbial assemblage in health and disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Impacts of non-nutritive sweeteners on the human microbiome.Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. DAMP-ing IBD: Extinguish the Fire and Prevent Smoldering.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025
    Review
  15. Review
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  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Zhengxiang HePrecision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Lili ChenPrecision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: lili.chen@mssm.edu.
Jovani Catalan-DibenePrecision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Gerold BongersDepartment of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Jeremiah J FaithPrecision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Chalada SuebsuwongDrug Discovery Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Robert J DeVitaDrug Discovery Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Zeli ShenDivision of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
James G FoxDivision of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Juan J LafailleDepartment of Pathology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Glaucia C FurtadoPrecision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Sergio A LiraPrecision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. Electronic address: sergio.lira@mssm.edu.
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USMassachusetts Institute of Technology · USNew York University · US

Funding

TOXICOLOGY CORE UNITP30ES002109 · NIEHS · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI YAFFE, MICHAEL B · 1985 to 2020
$25.6M
Project 3 - Molecular Signatures of Gastric Carcinogenesis in the Host Response to H. pyloriP01CA028842 · NCI · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI WILSON, KEITH T. · 1985 to 2019
$15.8M
Mechanisms associated with flares and remission in colitisR01DK110352 · NIDDK · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI LIRA, SERGIO A. · 2017 to 2025
$5.1M
Mechanisms associated with diet-induced colitisR01DK121009 · NIDDK · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI LIRA, SERGIO A. · 2020 to 2023
$2.4M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA028842NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK110352NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK121009NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES002109
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Both genetic predisposition and environmental factors appear to play a role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) development. Genetic studies in humans have linked the interleukin (IL)-23 signaling pathway with IBD, but the environmental factors contributing to disease have remained elusive. Here, we show that the azo dyes Red 40 and Yellow 6, the most abundant food colorants in the world, can trigger an IBD-like colitis in mice conditionally expressing IL-23, or in two additional animal models in which IL-23 expression was augmented. Increased IL-23 expression led to generation of activated CD4

Indexed as

ColitisAnimalsBacteriaDisease Models, AnimalFood Coloring AgentsGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHomeodomain ProteinsInflammatory Bowel DiseasesInterferon-gammaInterleukin-23Intestinal MucosaMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutSymbiosisFood Coloring AgentsHomeodomain ProteinsIFNG protein, mouseInterferon-gammaInterleukin-23RAG-1 proteinAllura Redazo bonddyeCD4(+) T cellscolitisfood additivesfood colorantsIFN-γIL-23metabolitesmicrobiota

Identifiers

PMID33989521
PMCPMC8266754
OpenAlexW3163104556

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.