Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33989150›Full record

ArticleIEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering2021

Functional Connectivity-Based Prediction of Autism on Site Harmonized ABIDE Dataset.

Madhura Ingalhalikar, Sumeet Shinde, Arnav Karmarkar, Archith Rajan, D Rangaprakash, Gopikrishna Deshpande

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Autism and Cortical Thickness Deviation From Neurotypical Controls: Evidence for a Spatial Association With Serotonin Receptors.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026
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  6. A functional system-informed graph neural network framework to quantify interpretable brain dysfunction in ASD.Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society · 2026
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  11. MBrain sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Madhura Ingalhalikar
Sumeet Shinde
Arnav Karmarkar
Archith Rajan
D Rangaprakash
Gopikrishna Deshpande

Funding

Translational Developmental Neuroscience of AutismK23MH087770 · NIMH · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI DI MARTINO, ADRIANA · 2010 to 2013
$644k
Enhancement of the 1000 Functional Connectome ProjectR03MH096321 · NIMH · NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES · PI BISWAL, BHARAT BHUSAN, MILHAM, MICHAEL PETER · 2012 to 2013
$158k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH087770NIMH NIH HHS R03 MH096321
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe larger sample sizes available from multi-site publicly available neuroimaging data repositories makes machine-learning based diagnostic classification of mental disorders more feasible by alleviating the curse of dimensionality. However, since multi-site data are aggregated post-hoc, i.e. they were acquired from different scanners with different acquisition parameters, non-neural inter-site variability may mask inter-group differences that are at least in part neural in origin. Hence, the advantages gained by the larger sample size in the context of machine-learning based diagnostic classification may not be realized.

methodsWe address this issue using harmonization of multi-site neuroimaging data using the ComBat technique, which is based on an empirical Bayes formulation to remove inter-site differences in data distributions, to improve diagnostic classification accuracy. Specifically, we demonstrate this using ABIDE (Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange) multi-site data for classifying individuals with Autism from healthy controls using resting state fMRI-based functional connectivity data.

resultsOur results show that higher classification accuracies across multiple classification models can be obtained (especially for models based on artificial neural networks) from multi-site data post harmonization with the ComBat technique as compared to without harmonization, outperforming earlier results from existing studies using ABIDE. Furthermore, our network ablation analysis facilitated important insights into autism spectrum disorder pathology and the connectivity in networks shown to be important for classification covaried with verbal communication impairments in Autism.

conclusionMulti-site data harmonization using ComBat improves neuroimaging-based diagnostic classification of mental disorders. SIGNIFICANCE: ComBat has the potential to make AI-based clinical decision-support systems more feasible in psychiatry.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderAutistic DisorderBayes TheoremBrainHumansMagnetic Resonance Imaging

Identifiers

PMID33989150
PMCPMC8696194

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.