Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33988506›Full record

ArticleeLife2021

Do wealth and inequality associate with health in a small-scale subsistence society?

Adrian V Jaeggi, Aaron D Blackwell, Christopher von Rueden, Benjamin C Trumble, Jonathan Stieglitz, Angela R Garcia, Thomas S Kraft, Bret A Beheim, Paul L Hooper, Hillard Kaplan and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Circulating Epstein-Barr Virus Antibody Levels as a Biomarker of Socioecological Adversity in Amazonian Ecuador.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025
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  11. Intimate partner violence, depression, and chronic low-grade inflammation among middle-aged women in Cebu, Philippines.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2024
    Article
  12. Inequalities in Mortality in the Asia-Pacific: A Cross-National Comparison of Socioeconomic Gradients.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Toward an evolutionary ecology of (in)equality.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023
    Article
  18. The interdependence of relational and material wealth inequality in Pemba, Zanzibar.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.

Adrian V Jaeggi *Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-1695-0388
Aaron D Blackwell *Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pulman, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5871-9865
Christopher von RuedenJepson School of Leadership Studies, University of Richmond, Richmond, United States.
Benjamin C TrumbleSchool of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States.
Jonathan StieglitzInstitute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, Toulouse, France.ORCID 0000-0001-5985-9643
Angela R GarciaDepartment of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6685-5533
Thomas S KraftDepartment of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, United States.
Bret A BeheimDepartment of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
Paul L HooperEconomic Science Institute, Chapman University, Irvine, United States.
Hillard KaplanEconomic Science Institute, Chapman University, Irvine, United States.
Michael GurvenDepartment of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5661-527X
Emory University · USUniversity of California, Santa Barbara · USArizona State University · USChapman University · USInstitute for Advanced Study in Toulouse · FRMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology · DEUniversity of New Mexico · USUniversity of Richmond · USWashington State University · US

Funding

Testing Hypothesized Pathways Linking Infection, Physical Activity, Apoe Genotype, And Biological Sex To Low Dementia Prevalence And Reduced Brain Atrophy In Two Native American PopulationsR01AG054442 · NIA · CHAPMAN UNIVERSITY · PI CALEB E FINCH, Margaret Gatz · 2022 to 2026
$15.2M
Brain atrophy, cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's in low CVD-risk populationRF1AG054442 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO · PI FINCH, CALEB E, GURVEN, MICHAEL DOUGLAS · 2017 to 2020
$8.8M
The Human Life Course and the Biodemography of AgingR01AG024119 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI GURVEN, MICHAEL DOUGLAS, KAPLAN, HILLARD S · 2004 to 2015
$7.4M
The Human Life Course and the Biodemography of AgingR56AG024119 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI GURVEN, MICHAEL DOUGLAS, KAPLAN, HILLARD S · 2009 to 2015
$1.0M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG024119NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054442NIA NIH HHS R56 AG024119NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG054442
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In high-income countries, one's relative socio-economic position and economic inequality may affect health and well-being, arguably via psychosocial stress. We tested this in a small-scale subsistence society, the Tsimane, by associating relative household wealth (n = 871) and community-level wealth inequality (n = 40, Gini = 0.15-0.53) with a range of psychological variables, stressors, and health outcomes (depressive symptoms [n = 670], social conflicts [n = 401], non-social problems [n = 398], social support [n = 399], cortisol [n = 811], body mass index [n = 9,926], blood pressure [n = 3,195], self-rated health [n = 2523], morbidities [n = 1542]) controlling for community-average wealth, age, sex, household size, community size, and distance to markets. Wealthier people largely had better outcomes while inequality associated with more respiratory disease, a leading cause of mortality. Greater inequality and lower wealth were associated with higher blood pressure. Psychosocial factors did not mediate wealth-health associations. Thus, relative socio-economic position and inequality may affect health across diverse societies, though this is likely exacerbated in high-income countries.

Indexed as

Health StatusSocioeconomic FactorsAge FactorsBoliviaFemaleHumansIndians, South AmericanMalebiopsychosocialepidemiologyglobal healthhierarchyhumanmedicinemismatchsocial determinants of healthsocio-economic statustradeoffs

Identifiers

PMID33988506
PMCPMC8225390
OpenAlexW3162905057

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.