ArticleTransplantation2021
The Magnitude and Functionality of SARS-CoV-2 Reactive Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Transplant Population Is Similar to the General Population Despite Immunosuppression.
Article in Transplantation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 and solid organ transplantation: Finding the right balance.Transplantation reviews (Orlando, Fla.) · 2022Pooled it
- Duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding and infectivity in the working age population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.La Medicina del lavoro · 2022Pooled it
- The Impact of COVID-19 Third Dose Vaccination on the Magnitude of Antigen Specific T Cells in Kidney Transplant Patients.Physiological research · 2024Article
- Humoral and cellular immune response in patients of liver cirrhosis and immunocompetent recipient of ChAdOx1nCoV-19 Vaccine (Covishield).Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Observational
- Long term SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular immunity after COVID-19 in liver transplant recipients.Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi · 2023Article
- Augmented humoral and cellular immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 after breakthrough infection in kidney transplant recipients who received 3 doses of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cell Responses in Immunocompromised Individuals with Cancer, HIV or Solid Organ Transplants.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Italian data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in transplanted patients support an organ specific immune response in liver recipients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Seroconversion rates in kidney transplant recipients following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and its association with immunosuppressive agents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2023Review
- Vaccination in patients with kidney failure: lessons from COVID-19.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2022Review
- A comprehensive assessment of long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune memory in convalescent COVID-19 Solid Organ Transplant recipients.Kidney international · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 antibody dynamics among kidney transplant recipients 3 months after BNT162b2 vaccination: a prospective cohort study.Clinical kidney journal · 2022Article
- COVID-19 in Elderly, Immunocompromised or Diabetic Patients-From Immune Monitoring to Clinical Management in the Hospital.Viruses · 2022Article
- Insufficient response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and high incidence of severe COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients during pandemic.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2022Article
- Immunological imprint on peripheral blood in kidney transplant recipients after two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in Japan.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- T cell repertoire profiling in allografts and native tissues in recipients with COVID-19 after solid organ transplantation: Insight into T cell-mediated allograft protection from viral infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Long-term cellular immune response in immunocompromised unvaccinated COVID-19 patients undergoing monoclonal antibody treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Kidney Transplant Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2-specific Humoral and Cellular Immunities in Kidney Transplant Recipients and Dialyzed Patients Recovered From Severe and Nonsevere COVID-19.Transplantation direct · 2021Article
- Robust and Persistent B- and T-Cell Responses after COVID-19 in Immunocompetent and Solid Organ Transplant Recipient Patients.Viruses · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe ability of transplant (Tx) patients to generate a protective antiviral response under immunosuppression is pivotal in COVID-19 infection. However, analysis of immunity against SARS-CoV-2 is currently lacking.
methodsHere, we analyzed T cell immunity directed against SARS-CoV-2 spike-, membrane-, and nucleocapsid-protein by flow cytometry and spike-specific neutralizing antibodies in 10 Tx in comparison to 26 nonimmunosuppressed (non-Tx) COVID-19 patients.
resultsTx patients (7 renal, 1 lung, and 2 combined pancreas-kidney Txs) were recruited in this study during the acute phase of COVID-19 with a median time after SARS-CoV-2-positivity of 3 and 4 d for non-Tx and Tx patients, respectively. Despite immunosuppression, we detected antiviral CD4+ T cell-response in 90% of Tx patients. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ T cells produced multiple proinflammatory cytokines, indicating their potential protective capacity. Neutralizing antibody titers did not differ between groups. SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8+ T cells targeting membrane- and spike-protein were lower in Tx patients, albeit without statistical significance. However, frequencies of anti-nucleocapsid-protein-reactive, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 polyfunctional CD8+ T cells, were similar between patient cohorts. Tx patients showed features of a prematurely aged adaptive immune system, but equal frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory T cells.
conclusionsIn conclusion, a polyfunctional T cell immunity directed against SARS-CoV-2 proteins as well as neutralizing antibodies can be generated in Tx patients despite immunosuppression. In comparison to nonimmunosuppressed patients, no differences in humoral and cellular antiviral-immunity were found. Our data presenting the ability to generate SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity in immunosuppressed patients have implications for the handling of SARS-CoV-2-infected Tx patients and raise hopes for effective vaccination in this cohort.
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