ArticleNeurology. Genetics2021
Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analysis for Parkinson Disease Motor Subtypes.
Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Neurology. Genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rare Variants May Influence Disease Risk and Clinical Features in Sporadic Late-Onset Chinese Parkinson's Disease Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Using machine learning to predict and analyze complex trait diseases: Lessons from a simple abstract model.PloS one · 2026Article
- Combining Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Mendelian Randomization to Explore Novel Drug Targets for Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Modified Ratio of Tremor/Postural Instability Gait Difficulty Score as an Indicator of Short-Term Outcomes of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of movement disorders · 2025Article
- Identification of Parkinson's disease using MRI and genetic data from the PPMI cohort: an improved machine learning fusion approach.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- An Inducible Luminescent System to Explore Parkinson's Disease-Associated Genes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Transcriptomic imputation of genetic risk variants uncovers novel whole-blood biomarkers of Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Common genetic risk for Parkinson's disease and dysfunction of the endo-lysosomal system.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Genetics of Parkinson's disease heterogeneity: A genome-wide association study of clinical subtypes.Parkinsonism & related disorders · 2024Article
- Association of Family History and Polygenic Risk Score With Longitudinal Prognosis in Parkinson Disease.Neurology. Genetics · 2024Article
- Systematic genome-wide Mendelian randomization reveals the causal links between miRNAs and Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Abdominal multi-organ iron content and the risk of Parkinson's disease: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Causal associations betweenFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Multiomics analysis identifies novel facilitators of human dopaminergic neuron differentiation.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- Article
- The genetic architecture of human amygdala volumes and their overlap with common brain disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Genetics of validated Parkinson's disease subtypes in the Oxford Discovery and Tracking Parkinson's cohorts.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2022Article
- SMetABF: A rapid algorithm for Bayesian GWAS meta-analysis with a large number of studies included.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Multi-omic insights into Parkinson's Disease: From genetic associations to functional mechanisms.Neurobiology of disease · 2022Review
- Association of serum cholesterol with Parkinson's disease in a cohort of statin-free individuals.Brain and behavior · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Isabel Alfradique-DunhamDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Rami Al-OuranDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Rainer von CoellnDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Cornelis BlauwendraatDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Emily HillDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Lan LuoDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Amanda StillwellDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Emily YoungDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Anita KawDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Manuela TanDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Calwing LiaoDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Dena HernandezDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Lasse PihlstromDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.ORCID 0000-0002-7635-8645
Donald GrossetDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Lisa M ShulmanDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Zhandong LiuDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Guy A RouleauDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Mike NallsDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Andrew B SingletonDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Huw MorrisDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Joseph JankovicDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
Joshua M ShulmanDepartment of Neurology (I.A.-D., E.H., L.L., A.S., E.Y., A.K., J.J., J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics (R.A.-O., Z.L.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute (R.A.-O., Z.L., J.M.S.), Texas Childrens Hospital, Houston, TX; Department of Neurology (R.C., L.M.S.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Molecular Genetics Section (C.B., D.H., M.N., A.B.S.), Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; UCL Movement Disorders Centre (M.T., H.M.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; Montreal Neurological Institute (C.L., G.A.R.), Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics (C.L., G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology (L.P.), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (G.A.R.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Data Tecnica International (M.N.), Glen Echo, MD; Parkinsons Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic (J.J., J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and Department of Neuroscience (J.M.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
University of Maryland, Baltimore · US
Funding
Genetic characterization of atypical parkinsonismZIANS003154 · NINDS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE · PI SCHOLZ, SONJA · 2016 to 2025
$15.4MUtilization of proteomics and lipidomics to identify modifiers of LBDU54NS110435 · NINDS · MAYO CLINIC JACKSONVILLE · PI DICKSON, DENNIS WILLIAM, MCLEAN, PAMELA J · 2019 to 2023
$14.5MGenome wide SNP analysis in Parkinson's diseaseZIAAG000949 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI SINGLETON, ANDREW · 2009 to 2024
$12.6MPARKINSON DISEASE COLLABORATIVE STUDY OF GENETIC LINKAGER01NS037167 · NINDS · INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS · PI FOROUD, TATIANA M. · 1998 to 2010
$11.7MVitamin D Concentration, Genetic Modifiers, and Parkinson DiseaseP50NS071674 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI VANCE, JEFFERY MARVIN · 2010 to 2015
$10.2MProject 2: Identifying genes and Pathways that impact Tau Toxicity in FTDU54NS100693 · NINDS · MAYO CLINIC JACKSONVILLE · PI DICKSON, DENNIS WILLIAM · 2016 to 2020
$6.2MGenome wide SNP analysis in Parkinson's diseaseZ01AG000949 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI SINGLETON, ANDREW B · 2006 to 2008
$2.6MUnderstanding the role of MAPT in Parkinsonian disordersR01NS078086 · NINDS · MAYO CLINIC JACKSONVILLE · PI ROSS, OWEN A · 2012 to 2016
$1.7MProspective studies on Parkinson's diseaseZ01ES101986 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI CHEN, HONGLEI · 2006 to 2008
$1.2MPD GWAS ConsortiumR01CA141668 · NCI · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI FOROUD, TATIANA M. · 2009 to 2010
$484kIntramural NIH HHS Z01 AG000949Intramural NIH HHS Z01 ES101986Intramural NIH HHS ZIA NS003154Medical Research Council G1100643NCI NIH HHS R01 CA141668NINDS NIH HHS P50 NS071674NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS037167NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS078086NINDS NIH HHS U54 NS100693NINDS NIH HHS U54 NS110435Wellcome Trust
Abstract
objectiveTo discover genetic determinants of Parkinson disease (PD) motor subtypes, including tremor dominant (TD) and postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) forms.
methodsIn 3,212 PD cases of European ancestry, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) examining 2 complementary outcome traits derived from the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, including dichotomous motor subtype (TD vs PIGD) or a continuous tremor/PIGD score ratio. Logistic or linear regression models were adjusted for sex, age at onset, disease duration, and 5 ancestry principal components, followed by meta-analysis.
resultsAmong 71 established PD risk variants, we detected multiple suggestive associations with PD motor subtype, including
conclusionsMultiple PD risk alleles may also modify clinical manifestations to influence PD motor subtype. The discovery of a novel variant at
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