ArticleFrontiers in oncology2021
Preinvasive Colorectal Lesions of African Americans Display an Immunosuppressive Signature Compared to Caucasian Americans.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial disparities in colorectal cancer clinicopathological and molecular tumor characteristics: a systematic review.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Pooled it
- The Immune Environment in Colorectal Adenoma: A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Inflammation in cancer: therapeutic opportunities from new insights.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Immune response and inflammation in cancer health disparities.Trends in cancer · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAfrican Americans (AAs) have higher colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rate than Caucasian Americans (CAs). Recent studies suggest that immune responses within CRCs contribute to the disparities. If racially distinct immune signatures are present in the early phases of carcinogenesis, they could be used to develop interventions to prevent or slow disease.
methodsWe selected a convenience sample of 95 patients (48 CAs, 47 AAs) with preinvasive colorectal adenomas from the surgical pathology laboratory at the Medical University of South Carolina. Using immunofluorescent-conjugated antibodies on tissue slides from the lesions, we quantified specific immune cell populations: mast cells (CD117
resultsWe observed no racial differences in age or sex at the baseline endoscopic exam. AAs compared to CAs had a higher prevalence of proximal adenomas (66%
conclusionsOverall, the lower RRs in AAs
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Registered trials
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