Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33986272›Full record

ReviewNPJ vaccines2021

Comparative systematic review and meta-analysis of reactogenicity, immunogenicity and efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.

Ian McDonald, Sam M Murray, Catherine J Reynolds, Daniel M Altmann, Rosemary J Boyton

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in NPJ vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
173citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
15.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

173 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 260 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Variant-Specific IgA Protects Against Omicron Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024
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113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ian McDonaldDepartment of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Sam M MurrayDepartment of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5990-5854
Catherine J ReynoldsDepartment of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Daniel M AltmannDepartment of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. d.altmann@imperial.ac.uk.
Rosemary J BoytonDepartment of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. r.boyton@imperial.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-0797
Imperial College London · GBHarefield Hospital · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/R02622X/1Medical Research Council MR/S019553/1Medical Research Council MR/V036939/1Medical Research Council MR/W020610/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are deployed worldwide, a comparative evaluation is important to underpin decision-making. We here report a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of Phase I/II/III human trials and non-human primates (NHP) studies, comparing reactogenicity, immunogenicity and efficacy across different vaccine platforms for comparative evaluation (updated to March 22, 2021). Twenty-three NHP and 32 human studies are included. Vaccines result in mostly mild, self-limiting adverse events. Highest spike neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses are identified for the mRNA-1273-SARS-CoV and adjuvanted NVX-CoV2373-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. ChAdOx-SARS-CoV-2 produces the highest T cell ELISpot responses. Pre-existing nAb against vaccine viral vector are identified following AdH-5-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, halving immunogenicity. The mRNA vaccines depend on boosting to achieve optimal immunogenicity especially in the elderly. BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273 achieve >94%, rAd26/5 > 91% and ChAdOx-SARS-CoV-2 > 66.7% efficacy. Across different vaccine platforms there are trade-offs between antibody binding, functional nAb titers, T cell frequency, reactogenicity and efficacy. Emergence of variants makes rapid mass rollout of high efficacy vaccines essential to reduce any selective advantage.

Identifiers

PMID33986272
PMCPMC8116645
OpenAlexW3160683687

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.