ReviewExperimental neurology2021
The relationship between intermittent hypoxemia events and neural outcomes in neonates.
Review in Experimental neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methylxanthines for the prevention or treatment of intermittent hypoxemia or respiratory insufficiency in late preterm infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Methylxanthines for the prevention or treatment of intermittent hypoxemia or respiratory insufficiency in late preterm infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Not all apneas are created equal: parsing the ones that matter in preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Reducing the risk of sudden unexpected infant death: the caffeine hypothesis.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Review
- The Clinical Relevance of Overnight Oximetry in the Diagnosis of Intermittent Desaturations and the Need for Home Oxygen in the Near-Term and Term Infant.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- βMedicinal research reviews · 2025Review
- Impact of cessation of caffeine citrate therapy on intermittent hypoxemia patterns among preterm infants born before 34 weeks.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Management of Apnoea in Extremely Preterm Infants: A European Survey.Neonatology · 2025Article
- [Role of the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway in the repair of white matter injury in neonatal rats through human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2024Article
- Apnea of Prematurity and Oxidative Stress: Potential Implications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Establishment and validation of apnea risk prediction models in preterm infants: a retrospective case control study.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Caffeine: The Story beyond Oxygen-Induced Lung and Brain Injury in Neonatal Animal Models-A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Hypoxemia events in preterm neonates are associated with urine oxidative biomarkers.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Plasma serotonergic biomarkers are associated with hypoxemia events in preterm neonates.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Intermittent Hypoxia in Preterm Neonates and Its Effect on Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- A Consequence of Immature Breathing induces Persistent Changes in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Behavior: A Role of Pro-Oxidant State and NMDA Receptor Imbalance.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Antenatal and Postnatal Sequelae of Oxidative Stress in Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review Targeting Pathophysiological Mechanisms.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A consequence of immature breathing induces persistent changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity and behavior: a role of prooxidant state and NMDA receptor imbalance.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Respiratory morbidity and neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants born preterm: A complex web.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2022Article
- Care Bundle to Improve Oxygen Maintenance and Events.Pediatric quality & safetyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This brief review examines 1) patterns of intermittent hypoxemia in extremely preterm infants during early postnatal life, 2) the relationship between neonatal intermittent hypoxemia exposure and outcomes in both human and animal models, 3) potential mechanistic pathways, and 4) future alterations in clinical care that may reduce morbidity. Intermittent hypoxemia events are pervasive in extremely preterm infants (<28 weeks gestation at birth) during early postnatal life. An increased frequency of intermittent hypoxemia events has been associated with a range of poor neural outcomes including language and cognitive delays, motor impairment, retinopathy of prematurity, impaired control of breathing, and intraventricular hemorrhage. Neonatal rodent models have shown that exposure to short repetitive cycles of hypoxia induce a pathophysiological cascade. However, not all patterns of intermittent hypoxia are deleterious and some may even improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. Therapeutic interventions include supplemental oxygen, pressure support and pharmacologic drugs but prolonged hyperoxia and pressure exposure have been associated with cardiopulmonary morbidity. Therefore, it becomes imperative to distinguish high risk from neutral and/or even beneficial patterns of intermittent hypoxemia during early postnatal life. Identification of such patterns could improve clinical care with targeted interventions for high-risk patterns and minimal or no exposure to treatment modalities for low-risk patterns.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.