ReviewPLoS pathogens2021
Microbiota-host communications: Bacterial extracellular vesicles as a common language.
Review in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 172 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
172 citing papers in PubMed, 252 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Sex differences in urinary extracellular vesicles originating from the genitourinary system in health and disease.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Review
- Bacterial small RNAs and extracellular vesicles in inflammatory and osteoimmune diseases: regulatory mechanisms and host-microbe communication.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Probiotics and Extracellular Vesicles as Redox Modulators in Wound Healing: From Microbial Therapeutics to Engineered Nanotherapeutic Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Quorum sensing rewires membrane vesicle protein cargo to promote antibiotic persistence inJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles at the Crossroads of Immune Regulation and Biofilm Dynamics: Biogenesis, Comparative Analysis, and Translational Challenges.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Effect of gut bacterial extracellular vesicles on angiogenic potential and vascular integrity: positive and negative aspects.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Targeting the stringent response alters gene expression and extracellular vesicle RNA inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- RNA in Plasma Extracellular Vesicles of Adolescent Rhesus Macaques Reveals Immune, Bioenergetic, and Microbial Imprints of Early-Life Adversity: An Exploratory Analysis.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in the Strategic Interplay Between Pathogens and Hosts.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Emerging signal transduction pathways and the role of bacterial extracellular vesicles linked to the pathogenesis of endometriosis.Communications medicine · 2026Review
- Stepwise mitochondria-targeted photodynamic immunotherapy enabled by an outer membrane vesicles-based nanoplatform for synergistic tumor ablation and immune reprogramming.Smart molecules : open access · 2026Article
- Bacterial extracellular vesicles in the brain: Pathological effects and therapeutic possibilities.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles derived from Enterococcus faecalis: inflammatory activation does not require internalization.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Optimizing genetic engineering approaches for protein loading into bacterial extracellular vesicles for vaginal drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- Long-Term Stability of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles Stored at Different Temperatures.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- The Pathophysiology of Spontaneous Preterm Birth: Emerging Mechanisms Reviewed by the Preterm Birth International Collaborative.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Review
112 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain components from their mother cells. Bacterial EVs are similar in size to mammalian-derived EVs and are thought to mediate bacteria-host communications by transporting diverse bioactive molecules including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites. Bacterial EVs have been implicated in bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions, promoting health or causing various pathologies. Although the science of bacterial EVs is less developed than that of eukaryotic EVs, the number of studies on bacterial EVs is continuously increasing. This review highlights the current state of knowledge in the rapidly evolving field of bacterial EV science, focusing on their discovery, isolation, biogenesis, and more specifically on their role in microbiota-host communications. Knowledge of these mechanisms may be translated into new therapeutics and diagnostics based on bacterial EVs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.