RevieweLife2021
Sex differences in biological aging with a focus on human studies.
Review in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 250 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
250 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- How well is the female population represented in clinical trials with infusion therapies for Parkinson's disease? A systematic review and metanalysis.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Photobiomodulation in the aging brain: a systematic review from animal models to humans.GeroScience · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Pro-longevity compounds extend Caenorhabditis elegans male lifespan and reproductive healthspan.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Lifetime non-relational traumatic experiences are associated with biological ageing.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Changes in transposable elements expression in male and female mice liver throughout aging.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Sex-stratified immune patterns across the canine lifespan and short-term responses to geroprotective interventions.Biogerontology · 2026Article
- Accelerated aging in schizophrenia: integrating epigenetic clocks, telomere dynamics, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and oxidative stress.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Reversible, Sexually Dimorphic Sympathetic Aging: Distal Axon Withdrawal Shaped by Prepubertal Gonadal Influences.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sex-specific aging clocks from a large-scale human phenome reveal distinct aging transitions and circulating signatures.Nature aging · 2026Article
- Age- and sex-dependent heterogeneity during LPS-induced murine acute lung injury.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Sex-specific trajectories of nonlinear immune aging at single-cell level.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The impact of cumulative obesity and genetic susceptibility on biological aging in Chinese older adults.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Leisure-time physical activity and metabolomic trajectories over the transition from late midlife to old age.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Embracing non-linearity in human ageing.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Neighborhood disadvantage and accelerated epigenetic aging in the early aftermath of trauma: The moderating role of individual psychological resources.Journal of psychiatric research · 2026Article
- Associations between biological age acceleration and hospitalization burden of community-acquired pneumonia: a cohort study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Accelerated Biological Aging, Neurodegenerative Disease, and Mortality in Cardiovascular Disease Patients: Mediation and Modification Analysis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Article
- Circulating extracellular vesicles in plasma carry accessible molecular signatures of aging in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
190 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process characterized by hallmark features accumulating over the life course, shaping the individual's aging trajectory and subsequent disease risks. There is substantial individual variability in the aging process between men and women. In general, women live longer than men, consistent with lower biological ages as assessed by molecular biomarkers, but there is a paradox. Women are frailer and have worse health at the end of life, while men still perform better in physical function examinations. Moreover, many age-related diseases show sex-specific patterns. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge on sexual dimorphism in human studies, with support from animal research, on biological aging and illnesses. We also attempt to place it in the context of the theories of aging, as well as discuss the explanations for the sex differences, for example, the sex-chromosome linked mechanisms and hormonally driven differences.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.