Observational studyThe Journal of nutrition2021
Low Circulating Vitamin D in Intensive Care Unit-Admitted COVID-19 Patients as a Predictor of Negative Outcomes.
Observational study in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Features of Severe Patients With COVID-19
The Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients With Severe and Extremely Severe COVID-19
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hospital and laboratory outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who received vitamin D supplementation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cellular immunity and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Vitamin D in Infectious Diseases: A Narrative Review Focusing on COVID-19, Long COVID, and Influenza.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Aging and Viral Respiratory Infections: Focus on Vitamin D and Microbiota.BioMed research international · 2026Review
- Vitamin D Serum Levels and the Development of Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness: Insights from a COVID-19 Intensive Care Cohort.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the Interplay-Vitamin D and ACE-2 Molecular Interactions in Mitigating Complications and Deaths from SARS-CoV-2.Biology · 2024Review
- Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Correlation of Plasma 25(OH)DNutrients · 2023Article
- Shedding light on the next pandemic path, from outpatient to ICU, the effect of vitamin D deficiency in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Contribution of Vitamin D-Binding Protein Polymorphism to Susceptibility and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections.
objectivesThe study aimed to evaluate the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) as a predictor of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality.
methodsA single-center retrospective observational study was conducted. Forty adult patients (50% men) with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to the ICU were enrolled. The primary endpoint was mortality at day 60. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured on the day of admission to the ICU. We used the Mann-Whitney test, Fisher's exact test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis to assess serum 25(OH)D concentration as a predictor of COVID-19 mortality.
resultsAll 40 patients had a low median (IQR) serum 25(OH)D concentration at admission [12 (9-15) ng/mL]. The median (IQR) serum 25(OH)D concentration was greater in survivors [13.3 (10.0-17.1) ng/mL, n = 22] than in nonsurvivors [9.6 (7.9-14.2) ng/mL; n = 18], P = 0.044. The area under the ROC curve was 0.69 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.86; P = 0.044). The 60-d mortality rate of those with serum 25(OH)D concentrations ≤9.9 ng/mL (n = 14, 71%) tended to be greater than that of those with concentrations >9.9 ng/mL (n = 26, 31%) (P = 0.065), and they had a 5.6-fold higher risk of death (OR: 5.63; 95% CI: 1.35, 23.45; P = 0.018).
conclusionsThe ICU patients had a low serum 25(OH)D concentration. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations ≤9.9 ng/mL on admission can be used to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04450017.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.