Observational studyThe Journal of nutrition2021
Maternal Dietary Intake of Total Fat, Saturated Fat, and Added Sugar Is Associated with Infant Adiposity and Weight Status at 6 mo of Age.
Observational study in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impacts of Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods on the Maternal-Child Health: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Maternal diet and gestational diabetes mellitus modestly influence children's growth during their first 24 months.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2025Trial
- Microbiome in heritage: how maternal microbiome transmission impacts next generation health.Microbiome · 2025Review
- Leukocyte telomere length and birth characteristics associated with obesity in infancy in a predominantly Latinx cohort.Pediatric obesity · 2025Article
- Ethnicity modifies the relationship between added sugars and fructose exposure in the first 1000 days and offspring body composition at 24 months.Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Paired versus alternate breastfeeding: Does hindmilk become foremilk?Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Maternal macronutrient intake at pregnancy and offspring growth trajectory through childhood: a prospective analysis in the Growing Up Today Study 2 cohort.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary Micronutrient Intake During Pregnancy Is Suboptimal in a Group of Healthy Scottish Women, Irrespective of Maternal Body Mass Index.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Maternal Mediterranean Diet During Lactation and Infant Growth.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2024Observational
- Infant body composition: A comprehensive overview of assessment techniques, nutrition factors, and health outcomes.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2023Review
- Lactational High Fat Diet in Mice Causes Insulin Resistance and NAFLD in Male Offspring Which Is Partially Rescued by Maternal Metformin Treatment.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWhether current dietary guidelines are appropriate for pregnancy and lactation has not been well studied. Many women of reproductive age are not meeting recommendations for dietary components such as fat, added sugar, and fiber.
objectivesTo assess associations between maternal dietary components during pregnancy and lactation and infant growth and adiposity at 6 mo of age.
methodsMother-infant dyads (n = 349) from the prospective, observational Mothers and Infants Linked for Healthy Growth study were included (100% fully breastfed for 1 mo; 75% to 6 mo). Daily intake of fat, fiber, and added sugar was obtained using the National Cancer Institute Diet History Questionnaire II during the third trimester of pregnancy and at 1 and 3 mo postpartum. Furthermore, intakes were categorized as meeting/exceeding 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for numerous potential confounders tested relations between dietary components and infant adiposity (via DXA) and growth parameters. Regression coefficients (β) for continuous variables were expressed per SD to allow for comparison of effect sizes.
resultsMaternal intake of total fat and saturated fat was positively associated with infant percent body fat (%BF) (β: 0.84 per SD, P = 0.04; β: 0.96 per SD, P = 0.01, respectively). Added sugar intake was positively associated with infant weight-for-length z score (β: 0.16 per SD, P = 0.02), and excessive added sugar intake was positively associated with %BF at 6 mo (β: 0.75 per SD, P = 0.05).
conclusionsIn a predominantly fully breastfeeding cohort of women, maternal intake of fat and added sugar during pregnancy and lactation were associated with small increases in infant adiposity and relative weight at 6 mo. Additional research is needed to determine if these relations persist later in infancy and if such elevations in adiposity are important for long-term obesity risk.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.