Observational studyThe Journal of nutrition2021
Indices of Diet Quality and Risk of Lung Cancer in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.
Observational study in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Healthy Eating Index-2015 and All-Cause/Cause-Specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Pooled it
- Dietary Patterns and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.Current nutrition reports · 2023Pooled it
- Mediterranean Diet Patterns in Relation to Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- The Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS), chronic disease and cause-specific mortality in UK Biobank: a prospective study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Analysis and prediction of the burden of lung cancer attributable to diet low in fruits in China and the global from 1990 to 2021.PloS one · 2026Article
- Risk Factors Associated With Incidence of Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JTO clinical and research reports · 2025Article
- Diet Quality and Comparison of Plant-Based Versus Omnivore Diets in Identical Twins: A Secondary Analysis of the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS).Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- The Relationship between Occupation and Lung Cancer Incidence in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Work and health · 2025Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Incident Hypertension in Menopausal Women.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Observational
- Anthropometric Measures and Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy: The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Observational
- Dietary Interventions for Cancer Prevention: An Update to ACS International Guidelines.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2024Article
- Role of Mediterranean diet in the development and recurrence of meningiomas: a narrative review.Neurosurgical review · 2023Review
- Diet quality and lung cancer incidence in a low-income population in the United States.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Association between dietary approaches to stop hypertension eating pattern and lung cancer risk in 98,459 participants: results from a large prospective study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Associations between diet and incidence risk of lung cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundProspective evidence on associations between diet quality indices and lung cancer risk is limited, particularly among older women.
objectivesWe investigated associations between 4 diet quality indices [Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)] and lung cancer incidence and mortality in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.
methodsPostmenopausal women aged 50-79 y at baseline (1993-1998) self reported their diet intake and information on relevant covariates. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate HRs and 95% CIs after controlling for age, smoking, and other relevant covariates.
resultsDuring ∼17 y of follow-up among 86,090 participants, 1491 lung cancer cases and 1393 lung cancer deaths were documented. Dietary indices were not associated with overall lung cancer incidence but were protective against squamous cell carcinoma (12.8% of total lung cancer) cases (HEI-2015: HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.96; AHEI-2010: HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.98; aMED: HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.99; DASH: HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.98). Among the indices, only HEI-2015 showed an inverse trend (P-trend = 0.02) with overall lung cancer mortality. Smoking status or participant age at baseline did not modify the association between dietary indices and lung cancer incidence or mortality.
conclusionsAfter comprehensive control of smoking exposure, we found that diet quality was not associated with overall lung cancer among postmenopausal women. However, a high-quality diet was inversely related to incident lung cancer of the squamous cell subtype. Future studies in populations with diverse age, smoking history, and dietary intake may further elucidate the relation between diet quality indices and lung cancer, especially by histological subtype.
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