Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33981830›Full record

ArticleMolecular therapy oncolytics2021

Secretion of bispecific protein of anti-PD-1 fused with TGF-β trap enhances antitumor efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy.

Xianhui Chen, Shuai Yang, Si Li, Yun Qu, Hsuan-Yao Wang, Jiangyue Liu, Zachary S Dunn, Gunce E Cinay, Melanie A MacMullan, Fangheng Hu and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular therapy oncolytics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  11. Emerging combined CAR-NK cell therapies in cancer treatment: Finding a dancing partner.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
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  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. CAR-T cell combination therapies in hematologic malignancies.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024
    Review
  19. Review
  20. TGF-β signaling in health, disease, and therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xianhui ChenDepartment of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Shuai YangDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Si LiDepartment of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Yun QuMork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Hsuan-Yao WangDepartment of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jiangyue LiuDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Zachary S DunnMork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Gunce E CinayDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Melanie A MacMullanMork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Fangheng HuMork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Xiaoyang ZhangMork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Pin WangDepartment of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
University of Southern California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite the remarkable success of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cell therapy for blood malignancies, the clinical efficacy of this novel therapy in solid tumor treatment is largely limited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). For instance, immune checkpoints (e.g., programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-1]/programmed death ligand 1 [PD-L1]) in TME play an important role in inhibiting T cell proliferation and functions. Transforming growth factor β (TGF)-β secreted by cancer cells in TME induces regulatory T cells (Tregs) and inhibits cytotoxic T cells. To overcome the inhibitory effect of immune checkpoints, we have previously engineered CAR-T cells to secrete anti-PD-1 to block the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway activity, a step demonstrating superior antitumor efficacy compared with conventional CAR-T cells. In this study, we engineered CAR-T cells that secrete bispecific trap protein co-targeting PD-1 and TGF-β, with the aim of further improving antitumor immunity. Compared with conventional CAR-T cells and anti-PD-1-secreting CAR-T cells, data from

Indexed as

amored CAR-T cellschimeric antigen receptorimmune checkpointPD-1PD-L1tumor growth factor betatumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID33981830
PMCPMC8082048
OpenAlexW3143800242

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.