ReviewCritical care research and practice2021
Delirium and Associated Length of Stay and Costs in Critically Ill Patients.
Review in Critical care research and practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Components and effects of psychosocial support interventions for relatives of patients with delirium in hospitals, systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Italian guideline on diagnosis and treatment of dementia and mild cognitive impairment.Age and ageing · 2024Guideline
- Hospital length of stay prediction tools for all hospital admissions and general medicine populations: systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Melatonin and Its Analogs for Prevention of Post-cardiac Surgery Delirium: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Occupational therapist-guided cognitive interventions in critically ill patients: a feasibility randomized controlled trial.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2023Trial
- Association of synergistic trajectories between early mobilization potential and actual implementation with clinical outcomes among ICU patients with pneumonia: a multivariate latent class mixed model analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Association between stress hyperglycemia ratio and 72-hour delirium in critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study from the MIMIC-IV database.Metabolism open · 2026Article
- The Prevalence of Infection and Sepsis Associated Dysphagia in Hospitalised Patients: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study.Dysphagia · 2026Article
- Retrospective external validation of the Mayo Delirium Prediction tool in a Swiss cohort of medical and surgical inpatients.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Risk factors associated with nursing-sensitive adverse events in older hospitalised patients: A retrospective chart review.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Article
- Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Models for ICU Length of Stay Prediction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Editorial: Non-pharmacologic approaches to inflammation in the critically ill.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Additional hospitalization costs associated with delirium among older adults: evidence from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Delirium Management in Critical Care: Are We Moving Forward or Still Treading Water?Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring the impact of case mix factors on length of stay to a Complex Discharge Unit across three phases: pre-COVID-19 (2019), during COVID-19 (2021) and late-stage COVID-19 (2023) pandemic.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Article
- Association between EuroSCORE II and postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients: a prospective cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Incidence and risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients with severe acute pancreatitis: a multicenter cohort study.World journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- The Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Short-Term Health Outcomes of Delirium in Patients Admitted to a Nephrology Ward in Eastern Europe: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Biomarkers as diagnostic or prognostic indicators of delirium: examining the current evidence.British journal of neuroscience nursing · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDelirium frequently affects critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of delirium on ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS) and perform a cost analysis. MATERIALS AND
methodsProspective studies and randomized controlled trials of patients in the ICU with delirium published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, were evaluated. Outcome variables including ICU and hospital LOS were obtained, and ICU and hospital costs were derived from the respective LOS.
resultsForty-one studies met inclusion criteria. The mean difference of ICU LOS between patients with and without delirium was significant at 4.77 days (
conclusionICU and hospital LOS and associated costs were significantly higher for patients with delirium, compared to those without delirium. Further research is necessary to elucidate other determinants of increased costs and cost-reducing strategies for critically ill patients with delirium. This can provide insight into the required resources for the prevention of delirium, which may contribute to decreasing healthcare expenditure while optimizing the quality of care.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.