Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33981015›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2021

Pan-cancer association of HLA gene expression with cancer prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy.

Evelien Schaafsma, Chloe M Fugle, Xiaofeng Wang, Chao Cheng

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed
16.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 206 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Adipocyte-derived LTB4 programs human NKG2AJournal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Evelien Schaafsma *Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
Chloe M Fugle *Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
Xiaofeng WangDepartment of Molecular and Systems Biology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
Chao ChengDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA. chao.cheng@bcm.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5002-3417
Dartmouth College · US

Funding

IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF MYELOID AND LYMPHOID CELLST32AI007363 · NIAID · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI Claudia V Jakubzick · 1990 to 2026
$9.5M
Computational Identification of new candidate drugs for lung cancer treatmentR21CA227996 · NCI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI CHENG, CHAO, ONEGA, TRACY · 2019 to 2020
$397k
NCI NIH HHS R21 CA227996NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007363
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe function of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is to bind peptide fragments derived from genomic mutations or pathogens and display them on the cell surface for recognition by cognate T cells to initiate an immune response.

methodsIn this study, we provide a comprehensive investigation of HLA gene expression in a pan-cancer manner involving 33 cancer types. We utilised gene expression data from several databases and immune checkpoint blockade-treated patient cohorts.

resultsWe show that MHC expression varies strongly among cancer types and is associated with several genomic and immunological features. While immune cell infiltration was generally higher in tumours with higher HLA gene expression, CD4+ T cells showed significantly different correlations among cancer types, separating them into two clusters. Furthermore, we show that increased HLA gene expression is associated with prolonged survival in the majority of cancer types. Lastly, HLA gene expression is associated with patient response to immune checkpoint blockade, which is especially prominent for HLA class II expression in tumour biopsies taken during treatment.

conclusionWe show that HLA gene expression is an important feature of tumour biology that has significant impact on patient prognosis.

Indexed as

Up-RegulationCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHistocompatibility Antigens Class IHumansImmunotherapyMaleNeoplasmsNeutrophil InfiltrationPrognosisSequence Analysis, RNASurvival AnalysisTreatment OutcomeHistocompatibility Antigens Class I

Identifiers

PMID33981015
PMCPMC8329209
OpenAlexW3160993535

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.