ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2021
Waterpipe smoking: a review of pulmonary and health effects.
Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- The waterpipe smoking and human health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 191 observational studies.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Indoor Air Pollutants of PM2.5, Carbon Monoxide, Nicotine, and Carcinogens in Waterpipe Bars.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Impact of smoking hookah and cigarettes on hematological and biochemical profiles in the Iranian population.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Utilisation of waterpipe tobacco imagery in cigarette advertising: a case study of American tobacco company and RJ Reynolds tobacco company.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Emissions from conventional and electronic waterpipes relative to cigarettes and a heated tobacco product.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparative assessment of respiratory, hematological and inflammatory profiles of long-term users of cigarettes, shisha, and e-cigarettes in Saudi Arabia.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- Use of Hookah and Age of Asthma Onset Among US Adults.Tobacco use insights · 2025Article
- Determining the perceived risk of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) among hookah users in Iran.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Water-pipe Tobacco Components and their Association with Oxidative Stress.Addiction & health · 2024Review
- Use of and Beliefs toward Novel Tobacco and Nicotine Products among Portuguese University Students: A Pandemic Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- The effectiveness of a theory -based health education program on waterpipe smoking cessation in Iran: one year follow-up of a quasi-experimental research.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Medical Trainees' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Electronic Cigarettes and Hookah: A Multinational Survey Study.Respiratory care · 2024Article
- The association between nicotine stomatitis and waterpipe smoking.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Sex-specific associations of serum cotinine levels with depressive symptoms and sleep disorders in American adults: NHANES 2007-2014.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Sexual Satisfaction among Lebanese Adults: Scale Validation in Arabic and Correlates Following Two Cross-Sectional Studies.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Novel hazards of waterpipe tobacco and the benefits of stop smoking in men, a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Observational
- The association between cultural and social occasions and smoking cessation: The case of Saudi Arabia.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Assessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in relation to shisha smoking among adults in Qatar: An analytical cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Chronic Exposure to Waterpipe Smoke Elicits Immunomodulatory and Carcinogenic Effects in the Lung.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Waterpipe smoking is an old form of tobacco smoking, originating in Persia and the Middle East. The popularity of the waterpipe is increasing worldwide, particularly among young adults, and there are widespread misconceptions regarding its negative health effects. The inhaled smoke of the waterpipe contain several toxic and hazardous materials including nicotine, tar, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals, all of which are proven to be related to lung diseases and cancer. Regular waterpipe smoking is associated with respiratory symptoms, a decrease in pulmonary function and increased risk for lung disease such as COPD. Additional negative health effects include increased risk for arterial stiffness, ischaemic heart disease and several cancer types including lung cancer. This review summarises the negative health effects of waterpipe smoking, with emphasis on cardiorespiratory complications. Increased awareness and knowledge amongst healthcare professionals will hopefully help identify waterpipe smokers and promote patient education. Applying World Health Organization (WHO) regulations will provide a synergistic effect in reducing waterpipe use and associated disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.