ArticleScience advances2021
Mucosal immunity-mediated modulation of the gut microbiome by oral delivery of probiotics into Peyer's patches.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 89 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 217 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probiotic supplementation is associated with higher faecal secretory IgA (sIgA) in healthy full-term infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Pooled it
- Multifunctional Zinc Glycyrrhizinate-Integrated Gel for Enhanced Probiotic Delivery and Alleviation of Acute and Spontaneous Colitis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Oral probiotic delivery-based therapeutic strategies for inflammatory bowel disease.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota-Immune System Crosstalk: From Mucosal Architecture to Adaptive Immunity Programming.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Correlation between the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium and susceptibility to PEDV infection in piglets at different ages.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- From tumor targeting to tumor accessibility: surface-engineered bacteria as precision living therapeutics for translational medicine.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Polygonatum polysaccharide microspheres encapsulated living Clostridium butyricum for mucosal barrier repair and immune regulation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Crafting probiotics a self-polymerized smart outfit for effective ulcerative colitis treatment.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Prodrug-integrated multifunctional liposome encapsulation enhances probiotic-based bacteriotherapy for inflammatory bowel disease.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Oil-Coated Nanoplastics Induce Rapid Membrane Disruption and Severe Intestinal Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- Oral delivery of enterocyte-mimetic butyrate-loaded nanoparticles repairs the gut barrier and inhibits growth of digestive system tumors.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Immunorestorative effects of Limosilactobacillus reuteri LR6 in protein-energy malnourished mice under pathogen and allergen challenge.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- An oral immune enhancer with excellent biocompatibility for effectively strengthening body's immunity and treating cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Genetically Modified Lactic Acid Bacteria: a Promising Mucosal Delivery Vector for Vaccines.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- A montmorillonite-based oral fermentation system enables long-lasting in-situ biosynthesis to restore intestinal homeostasis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The oral-gut-brain axis: how periodontitis influence depression.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota orchestrates bone homeostasis: a multi-pathway network from intestine to skeleton.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Microencapsulation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- A review of biomaterials mediated probiotics delivery system in the field of inflammatory bowel disease treatment.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Methods capable of maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis to prevent bacterial translocation and infection under external threats are critical for multiple facets of human health but have been rarely reported. Here, we describe the elicitation of mucosal immunity to modulate the gut microbiota by oral delivery of living probiotics into Peyer's patches. Probiotics are individually camouflaged within a yeast membrane, on which the embedded β-glucan can facilitate the phagocytosis of microfold cells that locate in the intestinal epithelium. The delivery of probiotics into lymphoid follicles after oral ingestion promotes robust mucosal immune responses and notably upgrades the production of secretory immunoglobulin A. The provoked immunity positively regulates the gut microflora, which, in turn, retains gut homeostasis and provides defense against environmental attacks. In two murine models of gut barrier impairment, oral administration with camouflaged probiotics effectively prevents the breakdown of intestinal barrier and evidences limited bacterial translocation and systemic inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.