Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33979305›Full record

Observational studyClinical and translational gastroenterology2021

Gastric Mucosal Immune Profiling and Dysregulation in Idiopathic Gastroparesis.

Andres Gottfried-Blackmore, Hong Namkoong, Emerald Adler, Brock Martin, John Gubatan, Nielsen Fernandez-Becker, John O Clarke, Juliana Idoyaga, Linda Nguyen, Aida Habtezion

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Clinical and translational gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. [Combined assessment of gastric mucosal damage associated withZhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
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  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Andres Gottfried-BlackmoreDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
Hong NamkoongDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
Emerald AdlerNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Brock MartinDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
John GubatanDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
Nielsen Fernandez-BeckerDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
John O ClarkeDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
Juliana IdoyagaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA.
Linda NguyenDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
Aida HabtezionDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
Stanford University · USNorthwestern University · US

Funding

Stanford TRANSFORM I2T ProgramR25AI147369 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CHERTOW, GLENN MATTHEW, SINGH, UPINDER · 2019 to 2023
$1.8M
BD Canto II RUO CytometerS10RR027431 · NCRR · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI NOLAN, GARRY P · 2010 to 2010
$236k
NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR027431NIAID NIH HHS R25 AI147369
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIt is unclear how immune perturbations may influence the pathogenesis of idiopathic gastroparesis, a prevalent functional disorder of the stomach which lacks animal models. Several studies have noted altered immune characteristics in the deep gastric muscle layer associated with gastroparesis, but data are lacking for the mucosal layer, which is endoscopically accessible. We hypothesized that immune dysregulation is present in the gastroduodenal mucosa in idiopathic gastroparesis and that specific immune profiles are associated with gastroparesis clinical parameters.

methodsIn this cross-sectional prospective case-control study, routine endoscopic biopsies were used for comprehensive immune profiling by flow cytometry, multicytokine array, and gene expression in 3 segments of the stomach and the duodenal bulb. Associations of immune endpoints with clinical parameters of gastroparesis were also explored.

resultsThe gastric mucosa displayed large regional variation of distinct immune profiles. Furthermore, several-fold increases in innate and adaptive immune cells were found in gastroparesis. Various immune cell types showed positive correlations with duration of disease, proton pump inhibitor dosing, and delayed gastric emptying. DISCUSSION: This initial observational study showed immune compartmentalization of the human stomach mucosa and significant immune dysregulation at the level of leukocyte infiltration in idiopathic gastroparesis patients that extends to the duodenum. Select immune cells, such as macrophages, may correlate with clinicopathological traits of gastroparesis. This work supports further mucosal studies to advance our understanding of gastroparesis pathophysiology.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityAdolescentAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesCD8 AntigensCross-Sectional StudiesCytokinesDuodenumFemaleGastric EmptyingGastric MucosaGastroparesisGene ExpressionHumansImmunity, InnateCD8 AntigensCytokines

Identifiers

PMID33979305
PMCPMC8132986
OpenAlexW3160244432

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.