ArticleHealth affairs (Project Hope)2021
Racial/Ethnic Disparities In COVID-19 Exposure Risk, Testing, And Cases At The Subcounty Level In California.
Article in Health affairs (Project Hope), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.
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Who cites it
82 citing papers in PubMed.
- Family Check-Up Online: Effects of a Virtual Randomized Trial on Parent Stress, Parenting, and Child Outcomes in Early Adolescence.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2026Trial
- Integrating social services with disease investigation: A randomized trial of COVID-19 high-touch contact tracing.PloS one · 2023Trial
- A language-matching model to improve equity and efficiency of COVID-19 contact tracing.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Trial
- Household Conflict in the Time of COVID-19: the Impact of Public Policy on Family Dynamics in Marginalized Urban Communities with High Infection Risk.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Relationships Between Vaccine Knowledge, Hesitancy, and Conspiracy Beliefs on COVID-19, Influenza, and HPV Vaccination.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Article
- Diagnostic Testing Preferences in Rural and Vulnerable Populations During a Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Why population heterogeneity matters for modelling infectious diseases.Interface focus · 2025Article
- Optimization of the Primary Sludge Processing Method for Wastewater Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV‑2.ACS ES&T water · 2025Article
- Mental health symptoms and discrimination among immigrant and US-born Hispanic or Latino adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- The COVID-19 syndemic: a perfect storm for the life expectancy of the most disadvantaged Americans.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Article
- An application of minimization for ensuring balanced study arms in a group-randomized COVID-19 educational intervention trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2025Article
- Extending a COVID-19 Job Exposure Matrix: The SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 Job Exposure Matrix Module (SCoVJEM Module) for Population-Based Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Article
- The integration of health equity into policy to reduce disparities: Lessons from California during the COVID-19 pandemic.PloS one · 2025Article
- Charity coverage and decreased COVID-19 mortality among uninsured patients in Texas: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Beyond clinical data: the role of sewage monitoring in tracking pandemic trends of SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Characteristics influencing COVID-19 testing and vaccination among Spanish-speaking Latine persons in North Carolina.PloS one · 2025Article
- Real-world impact of COVID-19 vaccination, household exposure, and circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants on infection risk and symptom presentation in a U.S./Mexico border community.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
With a population of forty million and substantial geographic variation in sociodemographics and health services, California is an important setting in which to study disparities. Its population (37.5 percent White, 39.1 percent Latino, 5.3 percent Black, and 14.4 percent Asian) experienced 59,258 COVID-19 deaths through April 14, 2021-the most of any state. We analyzed California's racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 exposure risks, testing rates, test positivity, and case rates through October 2020, combining data from 15.4 million SARS-CoV-2 tests with subcounty exposure risk estimates from the American Community Survey. We defined "high-exposure-risk" households as those with one or more essential workers and fewer rooms than inhabitants. Latino people in California are 8.1 times more likely to live in high-exposure-risk households than White people (23.6 percent versus 2.9 percent), are overrepresented in cumulative cases (3,784 versus 1,112 per 100,000 people), and are underrepresented in cumulative testing (35,635 versus 48,930 per 100,000 people). These risks and outcomes were worse for Latino people than for members of other racial/ethnic minority groups. Subcounty disparity analyses can inform targeting of interventions and resources, including community-based testing and vaccine access measures. Tracking COVID-19 disparities and developing equity-focused public health programming that mitigates the effects of systemic racism can help improve health outcomes among California's populations of color.
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