ArticleJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2021
Lifileucel, a Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Therapy, in Metastatic Melanoma.
Article in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 295 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
295 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 382 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy, safety, and characteristics of adoptive tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy in solid tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Cutaneous melanoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2025Guideline
- A phase 1b/2 study of cabozantinib in combination with pembrolizumab in advanced cutaneous melanoma.Cancer · 2026Trial
- RP1 Combined With Nivolumab in Advanced Anti-PD-1-Failed Melanoma (IGNYTE).Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Trial
- Neoantigen-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in gastrointestinal cancers: a phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Reduced dose fludarabine and cyclophosphamide lymphodepletion before tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy in melanoma.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Safety and Tolerability of Letetresgene Autoleucel (GSK3377794): Pilot Studies in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Trial
- Lifileucel, an Autologous Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Monotherapy, in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Cancer discovery · 2024Trial
- Advances in γδ T Cells: Cutaneous Biology and Therapeutic Potential for Skin Neoplasms.The Journal of dermatology · 2026Review
- Cellular immunotherapy for lung cancer: current clinical evidence, translational challenges, and future perspectives: a narrative review.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Immune-pressure redistribution in resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic design.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Review
- Simultaneous gene engineering of T cells with multiple neoantigen-specific T cell receptors for adoptive cell transfer.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- T cell receptors equipped with ICOS provide T cells with durable anti-tumor response.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Invited Editorial about Article: "Salvage Metastasectomy after Adoptive Cell Transfer for Melanoma: Long-Term Updates" by Dinerman, Aaron et al.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Cell-based cancer immunotherapy: milestones, mechanistic insights, and emerging therapeutic directions.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Cardiotoxicity of T cell immunotherapies.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Adoptive cell therapy in lung cancer: progress, challenges, and prospects.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Genetic Engineering of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL) via a T-Editor Platform to Enhance Anti-Tumor Activity.Cancer science · 2026Article
- Immunologic determinants of infusion products and the tumor microenvironment govern response to TIL therapy in advanced melanoma.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
235 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issuedErratum.2021
Authors and funding
27 authors at 16 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeEffective treatment options are limited for patients with advanced (metastatic or unresectable) melanoma who progress after immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies. Adoptive cell therapy using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has demonstrated efficacy in advanced melanoma. Lifileucel is an autologous, centrally manufactured tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte product.
methodsWe conducted a phase II open-label, single-arm, multicenter study in patients with advanced melanoma who had been previously treated with checkpoint inhibitor(s) and BRAF ± MEK targeted agents. Lifileucel was produced from harvested tumor specimens in central Good Manufacturing Practice facilities using a streamlined 22-day process. Patients received a nonmyeloablative lymphodepletion regimen, a single infusion of lifileucel, and up to six doses of high-dose interleukin-2. The primary end point was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST, version 1.1.
resultsSixty-six patients received a mean of 3.3 prior therapies (anti-programmed death 1 [PD-1] or programmed death ligand 1 [PD-L1]: 100%; anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4: 80%; BRAF ± MEK inhibitor: 23%). The ORR was 36% (95% CI, 25 to 49), with two complete responses and 22 partial responses. Disease control rate was 80% (95% CI, 69 to 89). Median duration of response was not reached after 18.7-month median study follow-up (range, 0.2-34.1 months). In the primary refractory to anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 therapy subset, the ORR and disease control rate were 41% (95% CI, 26 to 57) and 81% (95% CI, 66 to 91), respectively. Safety profile was consistent with known adverse events associated with nonmyeloablative lymphodepletion and interleukin-2.
conclusionLifileucel demonstrated durable responses and addresses a major unmet need in patients with metastatic melanoma with limited treatment options after approved therapy, including the primary refractory to anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 therapy subset.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.