Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33978452›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2021

Contamination of Retail Meat Samples with Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in Relation to Organic and Conventional Production and Processing: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data from the United States National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, 2012-2017.

Gabriel K Innes, Keeve E Nachman, Alison G Abraham, Joan A Casey, Andrew N Patton, Lance B Price, Sara Y Tartof, Meghan F Davis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Antimicrobial resistance profiles ofMicrobiology resource announcements · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
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  14. Transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during animal transport.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2022
    Article
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  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gabriel K InnesJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Keeve E NachmanJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Alison G AbrahamJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Joan A CaseyMailman School of Public Heath, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Andrew N PattonJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Lance B PriceMilken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Sara Y TartofKaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA.
Meghan F DavisJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Funding

True Metal fac coreP30ES009089 · NIEHS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI MATTHEW S PERZANOWSKI · 1998 to 2026
$44.7M
Antimicrobial resistant E. coli before and after California Senate bill 27 (ARES): a natural experimentR01AI130066 · NIAID · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI TARTOF, SARA · 2017 to 2021
$3.8M
Effects of pest and pet animal microbiota on child microbiota and asthma: a one health studyK01OD019918 · OD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI DAVIS, MEGHAN F. · 2016 to 2020
$621k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI130066NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES009089NIH HHS K01 OD019918
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDuring food animal production, animals are exposed to, colonized by, and sometimes infected with bacteria that may contaminate animal products with susceptible and multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). The United States' Organic Foods Production Act resulted in decreased antibiotic use in some animal production operations. Some studies have reported that decreased antibiotic use is associated with reduced MDRO on meat.

objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate associations of meat production and processing methods with MDRO and overall bacterial contamination of retail meats.

methodsBacterial contamination data from 2012 to 2017 for chicken breast, ground beef, ground turkey, and pork chops were downloaded from the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to estimate associations with MDRO contamination and any contamination (adjusted for year and meat type) overall, and according to bacteria genus (

resultsA total of 39,349 retail meat samples were linked to 216 conventional, 123 split (conventional and organic), and three organic processing facilities. MDRO contamination was similar in conventionally produced meats processed at split vs. conventional facilities but was significantly lower in organically produced meats processed at split facilities DISCUSSION: Organically produced and processed retail meat samples had a significantly lower prevalence of MDRO than conventionally produced and processed samples had, whereas meat from split processors had a lower prevalence of any contamination than samples from conventional processors had. Additional studies are needed to confirm findings and clarify specific production and processing practices that might explain them. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7327.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialFood MicrobiologyMeatAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsCattleChickensCross-Sectional StudiesEnterococcusSwineTurkeyUnited StatesAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID33978452
PMCPMC8114881

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.