Trial reportThe Journal of nutrition2021
Citicoline and Memory Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
Trial report in The Journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03369925 (A Parallel, Double-Blind Study to Assess the Cognitive Effects of a Citicoline Supplement), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Parallel, Double-Blind Study to Assess the Cognitive Effects of a Citicoline Supplement (Cognizin®) in Men and Women With Age-Associated Memory Impairment
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Citicoline/Phosphatidylserine Supplementation on Cognitive Performance and Executive Functions in Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials.Human psychopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Transdiagnostic reduction in cortical choline-containing compounds in anxiety disorders: aMolecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Nucleotide-RichNutrients · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety ofNutrients · 2024Trial
- Phytochemical and Fungal Bioactive Compounds in the "Brain Health Triad": A Narrative Review on Neurostimulating, Neurotrophic, and Neuroprotective Synergy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Real-World Early Neuroprotective Effects of Oral Citicoline Combination in Prodromal Dementia.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- Egg Consumption and 4-Year Change in Cognitive Function in Older Men and Women: The Rancho Bernardo Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- 'Citicoline' and support of the memory function: Evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Investigating nutrient biomarkers of healthy brain aging: a multimodal brain imaging study.npj aging · 2024Article
- Metabolomics to Study Human Aging: A Review.Current molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Cognitive trajectories and their relationships with education and diets among older adults: a network-based 10-year cohort study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- The Longitudinal Association of Egg Consumption with Cognitive Function in Older Men and Women: The Rancho Bernardo Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Higher intake of certain nutrients among older adults is associated with better cognitive function: an analysis of NHANES 2011-2014.BMC nutrition · 2023Article
- The Role of One-Carbon Metabolism in Healthy Brain Aging.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Review
- Citicoline for Supporting Memory in Aging Humans.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Proteostasis failure exacerbates neuronal circuit dysfunction and sleep impairments in Alzheimer's disease.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2023Review
- Choline supplements: An update.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Citicoline: pharmacological and clinical review, 2022 update.Revista de neurologia · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSupplementation of citicoline (CDP-choline), a naturally occurring mononucleotide, has shown beneficial effects on memory function and behavior in populations with a wide range of impairments. However, few studies have investigated its effect in healthy older populations.
objectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of citicoline (Cognizin®), on memory in healthy elderly populations with age-associated memory impairment (AAMI).
methodsA total of 100 healthy men and women aged between 50 and 85 y with AAMI participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Participants were randomized to receive placebo (n = 51) or citicoline (n = 49; 500 mg/d) for 12 wk. Memory function was assessed at baseline and end of the intervention (12 wk) using computerized tests (Cambridge Brain Sciences, Ontario, Canada). Safety measurements included adverse events query, body weight, blood pressure, and hematology and metabolic panel. Intent-to-treat analysis was conducted using ANCOVA for the primary and secondary outcome variables with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.
resultsA total of 99 out of 100 participants completed the study in its entirety. After the 12-wk intervention, participants supplemented with citicoline showed significantly greater improvements in secondary outcomes of episodic memory (assessed by the Paired Associate test), compared with those on placebo (mean: 0.15 vs. 0.06, respectively, P = 0.0025). Composite memory (secondary outcome), calculated using the scores of 4 memory tests, also significantly improved to a greater extent following citicoline supplementation (mean: 3.78) compared with placebo (mean: 0.72, P = 0.0052).
conclusionsDietary supplementation of citicoline for 12 wk improved overall memory performance, especially episodic memory, in healthy older males and females with AAMI. The findings suggest that regular consumption of citicoline may be safe and potentially beneficial against memory loss due to aging. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03369925.
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Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.