ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2021
Cell-Laden Multiple-Step and Reversible 4D Hydrogel Actuators to Mimic Dynamic Tissue Morphogenesis.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reprogrammable 4D tissue engineering hydrogel scaffold via reversible ion printing.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal immunomodulation with programmable biomaterials to promote musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- 4D morphogenetic tissue engineering via gradient-crosslinked microporous hydrogel scaffolds.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Rational Design and Functionalization of Melt Electrowritten 4D Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- Cell Contractile Force-Mediated Morphogenetic Tissue Engineering via 4D Printed Degradable Hydrogel Scaffolds.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Facile Single-Nanocomposite 4D Bioprinting of Dynamic Hydrogel Constructs with Thickness-Controlled Gradient.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Cell Contractile Forces Drive Spatiotemporal Morphogenesis in 4D Bioprinted Living Constructs.Matter · 2025Article
- 4D bioprinting of programmed dynamic tissues.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Smart alginate inks for tissue engineering applications.Materials today. Bio · 2023Review
- Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels: The Dynamic Smart Biomaterials of Tomorrow.Macromolecules · 2023Review
- Hybrid Vesicles Enable Mechano-Responsive Hydrogel Degradation.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2023Article
- Biomedical Applications of Deformable Hydrogel Microrobots.Micromachines · 2023Review
- Optimizing Bioink Composition for Human Chondrocyte Expression of Lubricin.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Hydrogel fibers for wearable sensors and soft actuators.iScience · 2023Review
- Tissue engineering modalities in skeletal muscles: focus on angiogenesis and immunomodulation properties.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Review
- Smart implants: 4D-printed shape-morphing scaffolds for medical implantation.International journal of bioprinting · 2023Review
- 4D-printed bilayer hydrogel with adjustable bending degree for enteroatmospheric fistula closure.Materials today. Bio · 2022Article
- 4D Cell-Condensate Bioprinting.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2022Article
- Jammed Micro-Flake Hydrogel for Four-Dimensional Living Cell Bioprinting.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2022Article
- Programmed Shape-Morphing Material Using Single-Layer 4D Printing System.Micromachines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Shape-morphing hydrogels bear promising prospects as soft actuators and for robotics. However, they are mostly restricted to applications in the abiotic domain due to the harsh physicochemical conditions typically necessary to induce shape morphing. Here, multilayer hydrogel actuator systems are developed using biocompatible and photocrosslinkable oxidized, methacrylated alginate and methacrylated gelatin that permit encapsulation and maintenance of living cells within the hydrogel actuators and implement programmed and controlled actuations with multiple shape changes. The hydrogel actuators encapsulating cells enable defined self-folding and/or user-regulated, on-demand-folding into specific 3D architectures under physiological conditions, with the capability to partially bioemulate complex developmental processes such as branching morphogenesis. The hydrogel actuator systems can be utilized as novel platforms for investigating the effect of programmed multiple-step and reversible shape morphing on cellular behaviors in 3D extracellular matrix and the role of recapitulating developmental and healing morphogenic processes on promoting new complex tissue formation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.