ArticleNature communications2021
Engineered red blood cells as an off-the-shelf allogeneic anti-tumor therapeutic.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Opportunities for artificial intelligence and synthetic biology in designing living drug delivery systems.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2026Review
- Erythrocyte-inspired biomaterials for cancer immunotherapy: Integration within the cancer-immunity cycle.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Tumor-Induced Splenic Remodeling: Mechanisms of Systemic Immunosuppression and Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Engineered artificial antigen-presenting cells for tumor immunotherapy: Design strategies, clinical applications, and translational challenges.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Erythrocyte-antibody conjugates to overcome immunotherapy resistance.Nature cancer · 2026Article
- In situ self-assembled cell reservoir hydrogel for maneuvering multistage radioimmunotherapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Red blood cell-conjugated biomimetic nanomedicine for enhanced therapy of non-small cell lung cancer.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Interleukin in Immune-Mediated Diseases: An Updated Review.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- T-cell receptor/CD28-targeted immunotherapeutics selectively drive naive T-cell expansion to generate functional HIV-specific responses.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Red blood cells-derived components as biomimetic functional materials: Matching versatile delivery strategies based on structure and function.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- A spleen is required for antibody mediated immune enhancement but not for RBC clearance or antigen-modulation in mice.Transfusion · 2025Article
- Tailoring cell-inspired biomaterials to fuel cancer therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Bioengineered therapeutic systems for improving antitumor immunity.National science review · 2025Review
- Cell-mediated nanoparticle delivery systems: towards precision nanomedicine.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Review
- Harnessing the potential of red blood cells in immunotherapy.Human immunology · 2024Review
- Developing an erythrocyte‒MHC-I conjugate for cancer treatment.Cell discovery · 2024Article
- A general pHLA-CD80 scaffold fusion protein to promote efficient antigen-specific T cell-based immunotherapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2024Article
- Advances in manufacturing chimeric antigen receptor immune cell therapies.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- Building Synthetic Biosensors Using Red Blood Cell Proteins.ACS synthetic biology · 2024Article
- Complement C3 and marginal zone B cells promote IgG-mediated enhancement of RBC alloimmunization in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitors and T-cell therapies have highlighted the critical role of T cells in anti-cancer immunity. However, limitations associated with these treatments drive the need for alternative approaches. Here, we engineer red blood cells into artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) presenting a peptide bound to the major histocompatibility complex I, the costimulatory ligand 4-1BBL, and interleukin (IL)-12. This leads to robust, antigen-specific T-cell expansion, memory formation, additional immune activation, tumor control, and antigen spreading in tumor models in vivo. The presence of 4-1BBL and IL-12 induces minimal toxicities due to restriction to the vasculature and spleen. The allogeneic aAPC, RTX-321, comprised of human leukocyte antigen-A*02:01 presenting the human papilloma virus (HPV) peptide HPV16 E7
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.