Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33976138›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Global population structure and genotyping framework for genomic surveillance of the major dysentery pathogen, Shigella sonnei.

Jane Hawkey, Kalani Paranagama, Kate S Baker, Rebecca J Bengtsson, François-Xavier Weill, Nicholas R Thomson, Stephen Baker, Louise Cerdeira, Zamin Iqbal, Martin Hunt and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed
15.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Draft genome sequences of 22Microbiology resource announcements · 2026
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  10. Emergence of a novel genotype of extensively drug-resistantAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026
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  15. Article
  16. The emergence of sexually transmissibleMicrobial genomics · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.

Jane Hawkey *Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. jane.hawkey@monash.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-9661-5293
Kalani Paranagama *Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Kate S BakerDepartment of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute for Infection, Ecological and Veterinary Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Rebecca J BengtssonDepartment of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute for Infection, Ecological and Veterinary Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
François-Xavier WeillInstitut Pasteur, Unité des bactéries pathogènes entériques, Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0001-9941-5799
Nicholas R ThomsonWellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4432-8505
Stephen BakerUniversity of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1308-5755
Louise CerdeiraDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4495-2615
Zamin IqbalEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory-European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8466-7547
Martin HuntEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory-European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK.
Danielle J IngleMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Timothy J DallmanNational Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK.
Claire JenkinsNational Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK.
Deborah A WilliamsonMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7363-6665
Kathryn E HoltDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3949-2471
Monash University · AUEuropean Bioinformatics Institute · GBPublic Health England · GBUniversity of Liverpool · GBAustralian National University · AUInstitut Pasteur · FRLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBThe Royal Melbourne Hospital · AUUniversity of Cambridge · GBWellcome Sanger Institute · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/R020787/1Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust A/106690/A/14/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Shigella sonnei is the most common agent of shigellosis in high-income countries, and causes a significant disease burden in low- and middle-income countries. Antimicrobial resistance is increasingly common in all settings. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is increasingly utilised for S. sonnei outbreak investigation and surveillance, but comparison of data between studies and labs is challenging. Here, we present a genomic framework and genotyping scheme for S. sonnei to efficiently identify genotype and resistance determinants from WGS data. The scheme is implemented in the software package Mykrobe and tested on thousands of genomes. Applying this approach to analyse >4,000 S. sonnei isolates sequenced in public health labs in three countries identified several common genotypes associated with increased rates of ciprofloxacin resistance and azithromycin resistance, confirming intercontinental spread of highly-resistant S. sonnei clones and demonstrating the genomic framework can facilitate monitoring the spread of resistant clones, including those that have recently emerged, at local and global scales.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAustraliaAzithromycinCiprofloxacinDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialDysentery, BacillaryEnglandGenetics, PopulationGenome, BacterialGenomicsGenotypeGeographyGlobal HealthHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPhylogenyAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzithromycinCiprofloxacin

Identifiers

PMID33976138
PMCPMC8113504
OpenAlexW3162336038

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.