ArticleBMC ophthalmology2021
Characteristics and recurrence of pterygium in Saudi Arabia: a single center study with a long follow-up.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival autograft combined with mitomycin C for the management of primary pterygium: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Recurrence rate, time to recurrence, and associated factors after primary pterygium excision with conjunctival-limbal autograft: a prospective cohort study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- The evaluation of hemogram-related systemic inflammatory markers in pterygium recurrence.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Characteristics and risk factors of recurrent pterygium underwent excision combined with limbal conjunctival autograft in southern rural China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Network toxicology, transcriptomics, and cytotoxic validation reveal TDCPP-induced pterygium mechanisms.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clinical outcomes of pterygium surgery over a ten-year period: a review of recurrence and complication rates.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Long-Term Surgical Outcome of Pterygium Excision and Conjunctival Limbal Autograft: Minimum 11 years Follow-up Study in a Country with High Ultraviolet Exposure.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Role of hsa_circ_0007482 in pterygium development: insights into proliferation, apoptosis, and clinical correlations.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Applications of Mitomycin C in Cornea and External Disease.Turkish journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Key Genes of Immunity Associated with Pterygium and Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Different Pterygium Surgeries: A Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Application of a Deep Learning System in Pterygium Grading and Further Prediction of Recurrence with Slit Lamp Photographs.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Amniotic Membrane Transplantation Combined with Closure of Tenon Capsule and Bulbar Conjunctival Space in the Treatment of Primary Pterygium.Contrast media & molecular imaging · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study described the clinical features of patients with pterygium and analyzed the recurrence rate of conjunctival autografting alone, conjunctival autografting combined with intraoperative mitomycin C, and amniotic membrane grafting.
methodsA retrospective cohort study of primary pterygium was conducted between January 2017 and February 2020. Factors associated with pterygium severity and recurrence were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression models.
resultsThe study included 292 patients with an average age of 53.3 ± 14.1 years, while the number of operated cases was 94. Pterygia involving the cornea were observed in 55 % of the cases. The overall rate of recurrence for the three procedures was 17 %. The average time of recurrence was 14.2 ± 11.9 months, with 37 % of the recurrences occurring after the first year. The only factor associated with a significant risk of recurrence was dry eye disease in both univariate (p = 0.021) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.026). The recurrence rates following conjunctival autografting with and without mitomycin C were 15.6 and 15.8 %, respectively. The recurrence rate following the amniotic membrane graft was twofold (OR= 2.02) (27 %) that following the conjunctival autograft (15.8 %).
conclusionsThe only factor associated with the recurrence of pterygium was dry eye disease. More than one-third of recurrences developed after the first year, which stresses the importance of a long follow-up. The recurrence rate in our study following conjunctival graft was slightly higher compared to the literature mainly due to differences in study areas, populations, and follow-up periods.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.