ReviewJournal of Korean medical science2021
Will Mutations in the Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Lead to the Failure of COVID-19 Vaccines?
Review in Journal of Korean medical science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Meta-Analysis on the Immunogenicity of Homologous versus Heterologous Immunization Regimens against SARS-CoV-2 Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 VoCs in Healthy Adults.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Pooled it
- An updated meta-analysis of Chinese herbal medicine for the prevention of COVID-19 based on Western-Eastern medicine.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- An intramuscular prime-intranasal boost strategy for mRNA-LNP vaccine induces mucosal immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in murine model.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Cell-based high-content approach for SARS-CoV-2 neutralization identifies unique monoclonal antibodies and PI3K pathway inhibitors.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Development of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate to combat SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus co-infection through an immunoinformatic approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Databases of ligand-binding pockets and protein-ligand interactions.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Review
- Fluorometric Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Single-Nucleotide Variant L452R Using Ligation-Based Isothermal Gene Amplification.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Viral target and metabolism-based rationale for combined use of recently authorized small molecule COVID-19 medicines: Molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir, and remdesivir.Fundamental & clinical pharmacology · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- In vitro high-content tissue models to address precision medicine challenges.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2023Review
- Development of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Challenges and Prospects.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Update on the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines on different variants of SARS-CoV-2.International immunopharmacology · 2023Review
- Clinical Outcome and Prognosis of a Nosocomial Outbreak of COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Personal protective equipment (PPE) disposal during COVID-19: An emerging source of microplastic and microfiber pollution in the environment.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- Developing a multiepitope vaccine for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus co-infection: A reverse vaccinology analysis.International immunopharmacology · 2023Article
- A perspective on SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particles vaccines.International immunopharmacology · 2023Review
- Clinical Investigation of Leukocyte DNA Damage in COVID-19 Patients.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Immunoinformatic-Based Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design for Co-Infection ofJournal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Exploring the pharmacological aspects of natural phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2 Nsp14 through an in silico approach.In silico pharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has spread worldwide since it was first identified in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. With the global transmission of the virus, a large number of SARS-CoV-2 variants have also appeared, especially, emerging strains that have recently been discovered in the United Kingdom (variant 20I/501Y.V1, lineage B.1.1.7), South Africa (variant 20H/501Y.V2, lineage B.1.351), and Brazil (variant 20 J/501Y.V3, and lineage P.1). The common feature of these variants is that they share the N501Y mutation involving the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein, which is precisely the target of most COVID-19 vaccines. Furthermore, mutations such as N501Y, E484K, and K417N in the S protein may affect viral fitness and transmissibility. However, current research on the impact of these variants on COVID-19 vaccines is still lacking. Herein, we briefly explain why most COVID-19 vaccines target the S protein, update the progress of research regarding S protein-related COVID-19 vaccines, review the latest studies concerning the effects of S protein variants on COVID-19 vaccines, and finally, propose certain strategies to deal with SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.