ArticleCell reports2021
Systematic functional analysis of SARS-CoV-2 proteins uncovers viral innate immune antagonists and remaining vulnerabilities.
Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 168 papers.
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168 citing papers in PubMed, 233 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Identification of Nsp15 inhibitors restoring interferon-dependent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2.Antiviral research · 2026Article
- Coronavirus protein interaction mapping in bat and human cells reveals network rewiring governing immune evasion and zoonotic potential.Cell host & microbe · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 enhances lysosomal exocytosis and deacidifies lysosomes to facilitate viral release.mLife · 2026Article
- Modulation of Host Innate Immune Response by Highly Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses during Viral Infection.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Redundant and distinct mechanisms suppress innate immune activation during SARS-CoV-2 infection.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Entry, replication and innate immunity evasion of BANAL-236, a SARS-CoV-2-related bat virus, in Rhinolophus and human cells.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- A murine coronavirus infection platform identifies proviral and proinflammatory activities of SARS-CoV-2 accessory protein 7a.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2-host and interactions: the dual roles of E3 ubiquitin ligases and ubiquitin-like modification mechanisms in viral infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Nef stabilizes actin to prevent HIV-1 sensing by RIG-I-like receptors.Nature communications · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 innate immune recognition and implications for respiratory health.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2025Review
- Mammalian innate antiviral defenses: beyond interferon.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- COVID-19 Hijacking of the Host Epigenome: Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Long-Term Consequences.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Time-Resolved Analysis of Protein-Protein Ensembles Using a Destabilizing Domain to Map Dynamic Interactions of SARS-CoV-2 nsp15.ACS chemical biology · 2025Article
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- SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a Protein Impedes Type I Interferon-Activated JAK/STAT Signaling by Interacting with HNRNPA2B1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Anti-interferon armamentarium of human coronaviruses.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) evades most innate immune responses but may still be vulnerable to some. Here, we systematically analyze the impact of SARS-CoV-2 proteins on interferon (IFN) responses and autophagy. We show that SARS-CoV-2 proteins synergize to counteract anti-viral immune responses. For example, Nsp14 targets the type I IFN receptor for lysosomal degradation, ORF3a prevents fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, and ORF7a interferes with autophagosome acidification. Most activities are evolutionarily conserved. However, SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 antagonizes IFN signaling less efficiently than the orthologs of closely related RaTG13-CoV and SARS-CoV-1. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 proteins counteract autophagy and type I IFN more efficiently than type II or III IFN signaling, and infection experiments confirm potent inhibition by IFN-γ and -λ1. Our results define the repertoire and selected mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 innate immune antagonists but also reveal vulnerability to type II and III IFN that may help to develop safe and effective anti-viral approaches.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.