Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33974707›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021

Human Immunotypes Impose Selection on Viral Genotypes Through Viral Epitope Specificity.

Migle Gabrielaite, Marc Bennedbæk, Adrian G Zucco, Christina Ekenberg, Daniel D Murray, Virginia L Kan, Giota Touloumi, Linos Vandekerckhove, Dan Turner, James Neaton and 7 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00867048 (Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00867048 phase4completednot on this map

Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MinnesotaRan2009 to 2022Enrolled4,688ConditionsHIV InfectionArmsAll licensed antiretroviral medications
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 11 institutions in 8 countries.

Migle GabrielaiteCentre for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-7959-8767
Marc BennedbækCentre of Excellence for Health, Immunity, and Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Adrian G ZuccoCentre of Excellence for Health, Immunity, and Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Christina EkenbergCentre of Excellence for Health, Immunity, and Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-0137-4269
Daniel D MurrayCentre of Excellence for Health, Immunity, and Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Virginia L KanVeterans Affairs Medical Center, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Giota TouloumiDepartment of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Linos VandekerckhoveHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Dan TurnerCrusaid Kobler AIDS Center, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
James NeatonDivision of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
H Clifford LaneDivision of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Sandra SafoDivision of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Alejandro Arenas-PintoMedical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Mark N PolizzottoKirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Huldrych F GünthardDivision of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Jens D LundgrenCentre of Excellence for Health, Immunity, and Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Rasmus L MarvigCentre for Genomic Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
University of Copenhagen · DKCopenhagen University Hospital · DKUniversity of Minnesota · USGeorge Washington University · USGhent University Hospital · BENational and Kapodistrian University of Athens · GRNational Institutes of Health · USTel Aviv University · ILUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Zurich · CHUNSW Sydney · AU

Funding

International Network for Strategic Initiatives in Global HIV Trials (INSIGHT)UM1AI068641 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI NEATON, JAMES DENNIS · 2011 to 2014
$83.5M
International Network for Strategic Initiatives in Global HIV Trials (INSIGHT): STARTUM1AI120197 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI NEATON, JAMES DENNIS · 2015 to 2017
$65.1M
Pathogenesis and Treatment of HIV InfectionZIAAI000585 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI LANE, CLIFFORD · 2009 to 2025
$26.8M
Extended follow-up of randomized participants in the INSIGHT START trialU01AI136780 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI GRUND, BIRGIT, REILLY, CAVAN S. · 2019 to 2024
$18.0M
NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI136780NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068641NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI120197
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUnderstanding the genetic interplay between human hosts and infectious pathogens is crucial for how we interpret virulence factors. Here, we tested for associations between HIV and host genetics, and interactive genetic effects on viral load (VL) in HIV-positive antiretroviral treatment-naive clinical trial participants.

methodsHIV genomes were sequenced and the encoded amino acid (AA) variants were associated with VL, human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and imputed HLA alleles using generalized linear models with Bonferroni correction.

resultsHuman (388 501 SNPs) and HIV (3010 variants) genetic data were available for 2122 persons. Four HIV variants were associated with VL (P < 1.66 × 10-5). Twelve HIV variants were associated with a range of 1-512 human SNPs (P < 4.28 × 10-11). We found 46 associations between HLA alleles and HIV variants (P < 1.29 × 10-7). HIV variants and immunotypes when analyzed separately were associated with lower VL, whereas the opposite was true when analyzed in concert. Epitope binding predictions supported our observations.

conclusionsOur results show the importance of immunotype specificity on viral antigenic determinants, and the identified genetic interplay emphasizes that viral and human genetics should be studied in the context of each other.Clinical Trials Registration: NCT00867048.

Indexed as

Genome, ViralPolymorphism, Single NucleotideAdultEpitopesFemaleGenome, HumanGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansMaleMiddle AgedViral LoadEpitopesgenome-to-genome analysisgenome-wide association studyGWASHIVhost genomicsviral genomicsviral load

Identifiers

PMID33974707
PMCPMC8672757
OpenAlexW3163336885

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.