SynthesisOptometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry2021
An Eye on COVID-19: A Meta-analysis of Positive Conjunctival Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction and SARS-CoV-2 Conjunctivitis Prevalence.
Synthesis in Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ocular Lesions Related to COVID-19 and Its Vaccines.Journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Ocular symptoms in COVID-19 patients with a history of hospitalization in the first pandemic wave in Styria, Austria.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Considerations of COVID-19 in Ophthalmology.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Covid-19 and its relation to the human eye: transmission, infection, and ocular manifestations.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Review
- Incidence and clinical characteristic of ocular surface manifestation: an evaluation of conjunctival swab results in Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Jakarta, Indonesia.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2023Article
- Ocular adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Review
- Review
- Viral S protein histochemistry reveals few potential SARS-CoV-2 entry sites in human ocular tissues.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Manifestations of coronavirus infection disease-19 in anterior eye segment: An up-to-date review.Oman journal of ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
significanceThis analysis and review demonstrate that, although emerging data indicate that the prevalence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the ocular surface and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) conjunctivitis is rare, the ocular surface remains of interest as a potential inoculation and transmission site for SARS-CoV-2. Continued safety precautions should be taken as more data become available.COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a novel, global pandemic that has infected millions and, up to this point, caused more than two million fatalities worldwide. The ocular surface has become of interest as a possible vector for transmission by acting as a direct inoculation site, being a conduit for the virus into the respiratory system or as a method of transmission from potentially infected conjunctiva or tears. The components necessary for SARS-CoV-2 to theoretically infect ocular tissues are present: binding receptors (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and cluster of differentiation 147) and mechanisms for cell entry (transmembrane protease serine 2 and cathepsin L). This meta-analysis of COVID-19 prevalence data indicates that SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been infrequently found in conjunctival samples when tested with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. This review estimates the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 on the ocular surface and prevalence of conjunctivitis in patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. There is much to be learned regarding ocular tropism of SARS-CoV-2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.