ArticleAIDS (London, England)2021
Virologic efficacy of tenofovir, lamivudine and dolutegravir as second-line antiretroviral therapy in adults failing a tenofovir-based first-line regimen.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05333679 (Urine Tenofovir Point-of-care Test to Identify Patients in Need of ART Adherence Support), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Urine Tenofovir Point-of-care Test to Identify Patients in Need of ART Adherence Support (UTRA Study)
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Initial Supplementary Dose of Dolutegravir in Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy: A Noncomparative, Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Adaption of an ongoing clinical trial to quickly respond to gaps in changing international recommendations: the experience of DHIV research & clinical practice · 2022Trial
- Association between infant post-natal prophylaxis regimens and pretreatment HIV drug resistance in infected infants.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Article
- Early outcomes of South African children with persistent viral non-suppression following switch to dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2026Article
- CEST MRI assessment of HIV-1-associated neurometabolic impairments in a humanized mouse model.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Three-Year Outcomes After Programmatic Transitioning to Dolutegravir in the Context of Severe Civil Unrest in Haiti.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Factors Influencing Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Nonadherence in Men During Different Stages of the Life Course: A Case Study in Greater Gaborone, Botswana.AIDS research and treatment · 2025Article
- Longer-term virologic outcomes on tenofovir-lamivudine-dolutegravir in second-line ART.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Emergent Dolutegravir Resistance Mutations in People Living with HIV: A Rapid Scoping Review.Viruses · 2024Article
- Viral load suppression and HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in persons with HIV on TLD/TAFED in Zambia.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Cost-Effectiveness of Dolutegravir in Combination with Tenofovir and Lamivudine for HIV Therapy: A Systematic Review.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2024Review
- Development and emerging trends of drug resistance mutations in HIV: a bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Advancing HIV Drug Resistance Technologies and Strategies: Insights from South Africa's Experience and Future Directions for Resource-Limited Settings.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Affordable drug resistance genotyping of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, protease and integrase genes, for resource limited settings.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Roadmap for Achieving Universal Antiretroviral Treatment.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2023Review
- 2023 Southern African HIV Clinicians Society Adult Antiretroviral Therapy Guidelines: What's new?Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2023Article
- Viral Load Status Before Switching to Dolutegravir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy and Associations With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- How could HIV-1 drug resistance impact preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention?Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2022Review
- The cardiometabolic profile and related dietary intake of Ugandans living with HIV and AIDS.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveRecycling tenofovir and lamivudine/emtricitabine (XTC) with dolutegravir would provide a more tolerable, affordable, and scalable second-line regimen than dolutegravir with an optimized nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) backbone. We evaluated efficacy of tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) in patients failing first-line tenofovir/XTC/efavirenz or nevirapine.
designSingle arm, prospective, interventional study.
settingTwo primary care clinics in Khayelitsha, South Africa.
participantsSixty adult patients with two viral loads greater than 1000 copies/ml.
interventionParticipants were switched to TLD with additional dolutegravir (50 mg) for 2 weeks to overcome efavirenz induction. PRIMARY OUTCOME: Proportion achieving viral load less than 50 copies/ml at week 24 using the FDA snapshot algorithm.
resultsBaseline median CD4+ cell count was 248 cells/μl, viral load 10 580 copies/ml and 48 of 54 (89%) had resistance (Stanford score ≥15) to one or both of tenofovir and XTC. No participants were lost to follow-up. At week 24, 51 of 60 [85%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 73-93%] were virologically suppressed, six had viral load 50-100 copies/ml, one had viral load 100-1000 copies/ml, one no viral load in window, and one switched because of tenofovir-related adverse event. No integrase mutations were detected in the one participant meeting criteria for resistance testing. Virological suppression was achieved by 29 of 35 (83%, 95% CI 66-93%) with resistance to tenofovir and XTC, 11 of 13 (85%, 95% CI 55-98%) with resistance to XTC, and six of six (100%, 95% CI 54-100%) with resistance to neither.
conclusionA high proportion of adults switching to second-line TLD achieved virologic suppression despite substantial baseline NRTI resistance and most not suppressed had low-level viraemia (≤100 copies/ml). This suggests recycling tenofovir and XTC with dolutegravir could provide an effective second-line option.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.