ArticleArthritis care & research2021
Using Critical Race Theory to Understand Trial Participation Among Black Individuals With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Qualitative Study of Patients and Caregivers.
Article in Arthritis care & research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Patient perspectives on clinical trial participation for novel advanced therapies: a focus group study in systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- Perspectives of African American couples regarding participation in trials of treatments for obstructive sleep apnea.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2025Article
- A mixed-methods study on the recruitment of patients from ethnic minority groups to clinical trials in a central London teaching hospital.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2025Article
- Patient-Reported Factors Influencing Clinical Trial Participation: An In-depth Analysis of Patients With Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Review
- Racial differences in clinical trial perceptions among a large, predominantly Black cohort of people with systemic lupus erythematosus in the Southeastern USA.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Representation of ethnic and racial minority groups in European vaccine trials: a quantitative analysis of clinical trials registries.BMJ public health · 2023Article
- Disparities in Lupus and the Role of Social Determinants of Health: Current State of Knowledge and Directions for Future Research.ACR open rheumatology · 2023Review
- Researchers in rheumatology should avoid categorization of continuous predictor variables.BMC medical research methodology · 2023Article
- Use of Popular Opinion Leader Models to Disseminate Information About Clinical Trials to Black Individuals With Lupus in Two US Cities.Arthritis care & research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveBlack patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) experience greater disease incidence and severity than White patients, and yet they are underrepresented in SLE clinical trials. We applied Critical Race Theory to qualitatively explore the influence of racism on the underrepresentation of Black patients in SLE clinical trials and to develop a framework for future intervention.
methodsWe conducted focus group sessions in Chicago and Boston with Black adults (ages ≥18 years) with SLE and their caregivers. We queried the participants about their knowledge regarding clinical trials, factors that might motivate or hinder trial participation, and how race and experiences of racism might impact clinical trial participation. Focus group responses were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically.
resultsWe held 4 focus groups (n = 31 participants); 20 participants had SLE, and 11 were caregivers. All participants were Black, 90% were women, and the mean age was 54 years. Qualitative analyses revealed several themes that negatively impact trial participation, including mistrust related to racism, concerns about assignment to placebo groups, strict study exclusion criteria, and SLE-related concerns. Factors that motivated trial participation included recommendations from physicians and reputable institutions, a desire to help the greater good, and culturally sensitive marketing of trials.
conclusionActions to improve clinical trial participation among Black individuals should focus on reframing how trial information is presented and disseminated and on reevaluating barriers that may restrict trial participation. Additionally, researchers must acknowledge and respond to the presence of racial bias in health care. Community-academic partnerships may help build trust and reduce fears of mistreatment among Black individuals with SLE.
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