Observational studyActa ophthalmologica2022
Three-year effectiveness and safety of the XEN gel stent as a solo procedure or in combination with phacoemulsification in open-angle glaucoma: a multicentre study.
Observational study in Acta ophthalmologica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of XEN gel stent for management of open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PeerJ · 2026Pooled it
- The efficacy of XEN gel stent implantation in glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Pooled it
- The Outcomes of XEN Gel Stent Implantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of the XEN45 gel stent compared to trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma: the Gold-Standard Pathway Study.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Trial
- Predicting bleb revision after XEN gel stent surgery in a real-world open-angle glaucoma cohort.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy in glaucoma secondary to fuchs uveitis syndrome: a multicenter study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Long-term outcomes after phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy in uncontrolled glaucoma and cataract in staged versus combined approaches: a single-center observational study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Update on XEN Gel Stent: A Narrative Review on Indications, Surgical Technique, and Postoperative Management.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- One-Year Outcomes of Repeat XEN Gel Stent Implantation for Prior XEN Failure: A Retrospective Study.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Safety and Effectiveness of a Gel Stent in Refractory Glaucoma in China: Real-World Evidence at 12 Months.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Longitudinal analysis of XEN45 gel stent bleb morphology using bleb grading scales, anterior segment-OCT, in vivo confocal microscopy, and impression cytology.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Long-Term Morphological Changes of Crosslinked Gelatin Stent.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety of XEN63 Gel Stent Implant over 6 Months for Treatment of Glaucoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- One-Year Real-World Outcomes of Ab-Externo Gel Stent Placement From the EXPAND Study.Journal of glaucoma · 2025Article
- Interventional glaucoma: Rethinking glaucoma treatment paradigms in the Asian context.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2025Review
- XEN45 gel stent in the treatment of pigmentary glaucoma: A two-year follow-up.European journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Update on Surgical Techniques Best Practices to Optimize Outcomes Following Gel Stent Implantation.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Italian XEN-Glaucoma Treatment Registry (XEN-GTR): Effectiveness and Safety at 36 Months of XEN45 Implant.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Systematic Literature Reviews Comparing the Long-Term Safety Outcomes for the Port Delivery System with Ranibizumab (PDS) Versus Other Ocular Implants.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2024Review
- Long-term effectiveness and safety of XEN45 in open-angle glaucoma patients.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo assess the 3-year effectiveness and safety of the XEN gel stent implanted ab interno in open-angle glaucoma (OAG).
methodsThis study was a multicentre, retrospective chart review of consecutive patients with OAG who underwent ab-interno gel stent placement alone or combined with phacoemulsification between 1 January 2014 and 1 October 2015. Outcome measures included mean changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-lowering medication count from medicated baseline at 1, 2, 3 (primary outcome) and 4 years (if available) postimplantation. Intraoperative complications, adverse events of special interest (AESIs) and secondary surgical interventions (SSIs) were recorded.
resultsThe safety and effectiveness populations included 212 eyes (primary and secondary) and 174 eyes (primary), respectively. Mean IOP and medication decreased from 20.7 mmHg and 2.5 at baseline (n = 163 primary/first implanted eyes) to 13.9 mmHg and 1.1 medications (n = 76) at 3 years postimplantation, respectively. Mean changes from baseline in IOP (-5.6, -6.2 and -6.6 mmHg) and IOP-lowering medication count (-1.8, -1.6 and -1.4) were statistically significant at 1, 2 and 3 years postimplantation, respectively. Results appeared comparable when implantation was performed with (n = 76) or without (n = 98) phacoemulsification. In primary eyes with 4-year IOP and medication count data (n = 27), mean IOP was 14.0 mmHg on 1.3 medications at 4 years postimplantation. Fifteen (7.1%) eyes had intraoperative complications, 31 (14.6%) experienced 46 postoperative AESIs, and 26 (12.3%) required SSI.
conclusionThe gel stent effectively lowered IOP and IOP-lowering medication count over 3 years, with a predictable and acceptable safety profile, when implanted via the traditional ab-interno technique.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.