Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33972661›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Novel AI driven approach to classify infant motor functions.

Simon Reich, Dajie Zhang, Tomas Kulvicius, Sven Bölte, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Florian B Pokorny, Robert Peharz, Luise Poustka, Florentin Wörgötter, Christa Einspieler and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
20.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. The future of follow-up: technology-enabled medical and developmental follow-up care for NICU graduates.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

Simon Reich *University Medical Center Göttingen, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
Dajie Zhang *University Medical Center Göttingen, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
Tomas KulviciusUniversity Medical Center Göttingen, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
Sven BölteDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), 113 30, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karin Nielsen-SainesUniversity of California, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Florian B PokornyDivision of Phoniatrics, Research Unit interdisciplinary Developmental Neuroscience, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Robert PeharzDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Luise PoustkaUniversity Medical Center Göttingen, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
Florentin WörgötterLeibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
Christa EinspielerDivision of Phoniatrics, Research Unit interdisciplinary Developmental Neuroscience, Medical University of Graz, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Peter B MarschikUniversity Medical Center Göttingen, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 37075, Göttingen, Germany. peter.marschik@med.uni-goettingen.de.
Universitätsmedizin Göttingen · DELeibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition · DEEindhoven University of Technology · NLKarolinska Institutet · SEMedical University of Graz · ATUniversity of Augsburg · DEUniversity of Göttingen · DE

Funding

Austrian Science Fund FWF KLI 811Austrian Science Fund FWF P 25241
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The past decade has evinced a boom of computer-based approaches to aid movement assessment in early infancy. Increasing interests have been dedicated to develop AI driven approaches to complement the classic Prechtl general movements assessment (GMA). This study proposes a novel machine learning algorithm to detect an age-specific movement pattern, the fidgety movements (FMs), in a prospectively collected sample of typically developing infants. Participants were recorded using a passive, single camera RGB video stream. The dataset of 2800 five-second snippets was annotated by two well-trained and experienced GMA assessors, with excellent inter- and intra-rater reliabilities. Using OpenPose, the infant full pose was recovered from the video stream in the form of a 25-points skeleton. This skeleton was used as input vector for a shallow multilayer neural network (SMNN). An ablation study was performed to justify the network's architecture and hyperparameters. We show for the first time that the SMNN is sufficient to discriminate fidgety from non-fidgety movements in a sample of age-specific typical movements with a classification accuracy of 88%. The computer-based solutions will complement original GMA to consistently perform accurate and efficient screening and diagnosis that may become universally accessible in daily clinical practice in the future.

Indexed as

Machine LearningCerebral PalsyChild DevelopmentDatasets as TopicFemaleHumansImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedInfantInfant, NewbornLongitudinal StudiesMaleMass ScreeningMovementPilot ProjectsProspective StudiesVideo Recording

Identifiers

PMID33972661
PMCPMC8110753
OpenAlexW3162547991

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.