ArticleScientific reports2021
Peering inside a cough or sneeze to explain enhanced airborne transmission under dry weather.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- GenAI-Based Digital Twins Aided Data Augmentation Increases Accuracy in Real-Time Cokurtosis-Based Anomaly Detection of Wearable Data.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission by Airborne Droplets in a Restaurant Outbreak: A CFD Approach.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025Article
- Effect of indoor temperature on the velocity fields and airborne transmission of sneeze droplets: An experimental study and transient CFD modeling.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Mechanisms controlling the transport and evaporation of human exhaled respiratory droplets containing the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus: a review.Environmental chemistry letters · 2023Review
- Reducing Virus Transmission from Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Systems of Urban Subways.Toxics · 2022Article
- Application of virtual product design to the development of HVAC solution for Incheon International Airport Modular COVID-19 testing center.Case studies in chemical and environmental engineering · 2022Article
- A numerical approach for preventing the dispersion of infectious disease in a meeting room.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The effect of relative air humidity on the evaporation timescales of a human sneeze.AIP advances · 2022Article
- Droplet nuclei caustic formations in exhaled vortex rings.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A short review of vapour droplet dispersion models used in CFD to study the airborne spread of COVID19.Materials today. Proceedings · 2022Article
- Dispersion of free-falling saliva droplets by two-dimensional vortical flows.Theoretical and computational fluid dynamics · 2022Article
- Large eddy simulation of cough jet dynamics, droplet transport, and inhalability over a ten minute exposure.Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994) · 2021Article
- On the utility of a well-mixed model for predicting disease transmission on an urban bus.AIP advances · 2021Article
- Investigation of theoretical scaling laws using large eddy simulations for airborne spreading of viral contagion from sneezing and coughing.Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High-fidelity simulations of coughs and sneezes that serve as virtual experiments are presented, and they offer an unprecedented opportunity to peer into the chaotic evolution of the resulting airborne droplet clouds. While larger droplets quickly fall-out of the cloud, smaller droplets evaporate rapidly. The non-volatiles remain airborne as droplet nuclei for a long time to be transported over long distances. The substantial variation observed between the different realizations has important social distancing implications, since probabilistic outlier-events do occur and may need to be taken into account when assessing the risk of contagion. Contrary to common expectations, we observe dry ambient conditions to increase by more than four times the number of airborne potentially virus-laden nuclei, as a result of reduced droplet fall-out through rapid evaporation. The simulation results are used to validate and calibrate a comprehensive multiphase theory, which is then used to predict the spread of airborne nuclei under a wide variety of ambient conditions.
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