Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33972420›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Tracking the recruitment and evolution of snake toxins using the evolutionary context provided by the

Diego Dantas Almeida, Vincent Louis Viala, Pedro Gabriel Nachtigall, Michael Broe, H Lisle Gibbs, Solange Maria de Toledo Serrano, Ana Maria Moura-da-Silva, Paulo Lee Ho, Milton Yutaka Nishiyama-Jr, Inácio L M Junqueira-de-Azevedo

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Unraveling the Glycosylation Machinery ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. The genomic origins and evolutionary path to a key innovation in the world's most venomous snakes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Diego Dantas AlmeidaLaboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.
Vincent Louis VialaLaboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-2267-9985
Pedro Gabriel NachtigallLaboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3196-0173
Michael BroeDepartment of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.ORCID 0000-0001-7385-7679
H Lisle GibbsDepartment of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.ORCID 0000-0001-7461-3393
Solange Maria de Toledo SerranoLaboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-8994-1904
Ana Maria Moura-da-SilvaLaboratório de Imunopatologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-1787-6634
Paulo Lee HoServiço de Bacteriologia, Divisão BioIndustrial, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-3652-241X
Milton Yutaka Nishiyama-JrLaboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-2410-0562
Inácio L M Junqueira-de-AzevedoLaboratório de Toxinologia Aplicada, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; inacio.azevedo@butantan.gov.br.ORCID 0000-0003-4491-0180
Instituto Butantan · BRThe Ohio State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Venom is a key adaptive innovation in snakes, and how nonvenom genes were co-opted to become part of the toxin arsenal is a significant evolutionary question. While this process has been investigated through the phylogenetic reconstruction of toxin sequences, evidence provided by the genomic context of toxin genes remains less explored. To investigate the process of toxin recruitment, we sequenced the genome of

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsBase SequenceBothropsCrotalid VenomsFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGenomePhylogenyProteomeProteomicsRNA-SeqSequence Analysis, DNASnake VenomsCrotalid VenomsProteomeSnake Venomsco-optiongene recruitmentgenomesnake venomtoxin evolution

Identifiers

PMID33972420
PMCPMC8157943
OpenAlexW3160330739

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.