ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2021
Risk factors for outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 infection at retirement homes in Ontario, Canada: a population-level cohort study.
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Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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22citing papers in PubMed
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22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Research on age-stratified prevention and control strategies for pediatric RSV infection based on disease burden disparities.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Developing an evidence base to inform retirement home policy development using an equity and diversity lens: a mixed methods study protocol.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Minimal Impact of Prior Common Cold Coronavirus Exposure on Immune Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccination or Infection Risk in Older Adults in Congregate Care.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A portrait of older adults in naturally occurring retirement communities in Ontario, Canada: A population-based study.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Article
- Article
- Emergency Knowledge Translation, COVID-19 and indoor air: evaluating a virtual ventilation and filtration consultation program for community spaces in Ontario.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Risk factors associated with the intensity of COVID-19 outbreaks in Canadian community settings: a retrospective analysis of outbreak-level surveillance data.BMC public health · 2024Article
- COVID-19 outbreaks in residential care homes in Hong Kong and effectiveness of vaccine against severe outcomes.Infectious medicine · 2023Article
- Integration of hospital with congregate care homes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- A Molecular and Epidemiological Investigation of a Large SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in a Long-Term Care Facility in Luxembourg, 2021.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- General practitioner care in nursing homes during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: a retrospective survey among nursing home managers.BMC primary care · 2022Article
- Long-Term Care Home Size Association with COVID-19 Infection and Mortality in Catalonia in March and April 2020.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Managing the Impact of COVID-19 in Nursing Homes and Long-Term Care Facilities: An Update.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2022Article
- The Impact of Long-Term Care Home Ownership and Administration Type on All-Cause Mortality from March to April 2020 in Madrid, Spain.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Rates of health services use among residents of retirement homes in Ontario: a population-based cohort study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2022Article
- Incidence, Mortality, and Risk Factors of COVID-19 in Nursing Homes.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The interplay between infection risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 and mortality: a cross-sectional study from a cohort of long-term care nursing home residents.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- Estimating SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in long-term care: a window of opportunity.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2022Article
- Trends in Health Service Use for Canadian Adults With Dementia and Parkinson Disease During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA health forum · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Andrew P CostaDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont. acosta@mcmaster.ca.
Derek R ManisDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Aaron JonesDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Nathan M StallDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Kevin A BrownDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Veronique BoscartDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Adriane CastellinoDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
George A HeckmanDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Michael P HillmerDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Chloe MaDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Paul PhamDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Saad RaisDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Samir K SinhaDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Jeffrey W PossDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact (Costa, Manis, Jones, Poss), Department of Medicine (Costa), McMaster University; Centre for Integrated Care (Costa), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Schlegel Research Institute for Aging (Costa, Boscart, Heckman), Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) (Costa, Jones, Stall), Toronto, Ont.; Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analyses (Costa, Manis), St. Joseph's Health System, Hamilton, Ont.; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine (Stall, Sinha), Sinai Health and University Health Network; Department of Medicine (Stall, Sinha), University of Toronto; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Stall, Hillmer, Sinha), University of Toronto; Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital (Stall); National Institute on Ageing, Ryerson University (Stall, Sinha); Infection Prevention and Control (Brown), Public Health Ontario; Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Brown), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning (Boscart), Kitchener, Ont.; Retirement Homes Regulatory Authority (RHRA) (Castellino, Ma, Pham), Toronto, Ont.; School of Public Health and Health Systems (Heckman, Poss), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont.; Capacity Planning and Analytics (Hillmer, Rais), Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ont.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection in retirement homes (also known as assisted living facilities) is largely unknown. We examined the association between home-and community-level characteristics and the risk of outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 infection in retirement homes since the beginning of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
methodsWe conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study of licensed retirement homes in Ontario, Canada, from Mar. 1 to Dec. 18, 2020. Our primary outcome was an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection (≥ 1 resident or staff case confirmed by validated nucleic acid amplification assay). We used time-dependent proportional hazards methods to model the associations between retirement home- and community-level characteristics and outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
resultsOur cohort included all 770 licensed retirement homes in Ontario, which housed 56 491 residents. There were 273 (35.5%) retirement homes with 1 or more outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 infection, involving 1944 (3.5%) residents and 1101 staff (3.0%). Cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were distributed unevenly across retirement homes, with 2487 (81.7%) resident and staff cases occurring in 77 (10%) homes. The adjusted hazard of an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a retirement home was positively associated with homes that had a large resident capacity, were co-located with a long-term care facility, were part of larger chains, offered many services onsite, saw increases in regional incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and were located in a region with a higher community-level ethnic concentration.
interpretationReadily identifiable characteristics of retirement homes are independently associated with outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and can support risk identification and priority for vaccination.
Indexed as
Homes for the AgedNursing HomesPandemicsAgedCOVID-19Frail ElderlyHumansIncidenceOntarioRetirementRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2
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