ArticleJMIR public health and surveillance2021
The Association of Unfairness with Mental and Physical Health in a Multiethnic Sample of Adults: Cross-sectional Study.
Article in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gender-patterned associations of exposure, coping, and health outcomes of perceived unfairness stress in urban China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- A next generation of the schema therapy model of personality pathology: A cross-cultural and international study protocol.PloS one · 2026Article
- Funding and Defunding of NIH Research Should Be Based on Real Science and Not Politics or Amorphous Constructs.American journal of public health · 2026Article
- Impact of Perceived Unfairness, Uncertainty, and Life Stress on Urban Residents' Health in China: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Adaptation and Validation of the Multidimensional Fairness Scale in Chilean University Students.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- HPV vaccination initiation among white, black and Middle East North African (MENA) males.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- Looking Back: The Contested Whiteness of Arab Identity.American journal of public health · 2022Article
- Concordant physician-patient characteristics lose importance for Arab American women and their healthcare- cross-sectional study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2022Article
- Predictors of screening for cervical and colorectal cancer in women 50-65 years old in a multi-ethnic population.Preventive medicine reports · 2021Article
- Mattering Mediates Between Fairness and Well-being.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTwo psychosocial constructs that have shown consistent associations with negative health outcomes are discrimination and perceived unfairness.
objectiveThe current analyses report the effects of discrimination and unfairness on medical, psychological, and behavioral outcomes from a recent cross-sectional survey conducted in a multiethnic sample of adults in Michigan.
methodsA cross-section survey was collected using multiple approaches: community settings, telephone-listed sample, and online panel. Unfairness was assessed with a single-item previously used in the Whitehall study, and everyday discrimination was assessed with the Williams 9-item scale. Outcomes included mental health symptoms, past-month cigarette use, past-month alcohol use, past-month marijuana use, lifetime pain medication use, and self-reported medical history.
resultsA total of 2238 usable surveys were collected. In bivariate analyses, higher unfairness values were significantly associated with lower educational attainment, lower age, lower household income, and being unmarried. The highest unfairness values were observed for African American and multiracial respondents followed by Middle Eastern or North African participants. Unfairness was significantly related to worse mental health functioning, net adjustment for sociodemographic variables, and everyday discrimination. Unfairness was also related to self-reported history of depression and high blood pressure although, after including everyday discrimination in the model, only the association with depression remained significant. Unfairness was significantly related to 30-day marijuana use, 30-day cigarette use, and lifetime opiate use.
conclusionsOur findings of a generally harmful effect of perceived unfairness on health are consistent with prior studies. Perceived unfairness may be one of the psychological pathways through which discrimination negatively impacts health. Future studies examining the relationships we observed using longitudinal data and including more objective measures of behavior and health status are needed to confirm and extend our findings.
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