Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33968034›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021

Macrophage Biology and Mechanisms of Immune Suppression in Breast Cancer.

Anita K Mehta, Sapana Kadel, Madeline G Townsend, Madisson Oliwa, Jennifer L Guerriero

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 151 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
151citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

151 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A FABulous approach to image human macrophages.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Multi-omic Profiling of Recurrence Risk Across Breast Cancer Subtypes.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Investigating the role of inflammatory bowel disease-associated gene expression in oral cancer using single-cell RNA sequencing.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
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  12. Review
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91 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Anita K MehtaBreast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.
Sapana KadelBreast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.
Madeline G TownsendBreast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.
Madisson OliwaBreast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.
Jennifer L GuerrieroBreast Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States.
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Macrophages are crucial innate immune cells that maintain tissue homeostasis and defend against pathogens; however, their infiltration into tumors has been associated with adverse outcomes. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent a significant component of the inflammatory infiltrate in breast tumors, and extensive infiltration of TAMs has been linked to poor prognosis in breast cancer. Here, we detail how TAMs impede a productive tumor immunity cycle by limiting antigen presentation and reducing activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) while simultaneously supporting tumor cell survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis. There is an urgent need to overcome TAM-mediated immune suppression for durable anti-tumor immunity in breast cancer. To date, failure to fully characterize TAM biology and classify multiple subsets has hindered advancement in therapeutic targeting. In this regard, the complexity of TAMs has recently taken center stage owing to their subset diversity and tightly regulated molecular and metabolic phenotypes. In this review, we reveal major gaps in our knowledge of the functional and phenotypic characterization of TAM subsets associated with breast cancer, before and after treatment. Future work to characterize TAM subsets, location, and crosstalk with neighboring cells will be critical to counteract TAM pro-tumor functions and to identify novel TAM-modulating strategies and combinations that are likely to enhance current therapies and overcome chemo- and immuno-therapy resistance.

Indexed as

Immune ToleranceBreast NeoplasmsFemaleHumansMacrophagesNeoplasm MetastasisNeovascularization, PathologicTumor Microenvironmentbreast cancercancer immunityimmune suppressionT cell inhibitiontumor associated macrophages

Identifiers

PMID33968034
PMCPMC8102870
OpenAlexW3162236893

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.