Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33964859›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2021

Dairy foods, calcium, and risk of breast cancer overall and for subtypes defined by estrogen receptor status: a pooled analysis of 21 cohort studies.

You Wu, Ruyi Huang, Molin Wang, Leslie Bernstein, Traci N Bethea, Chu Chen, Yu Chen, A Heather Eliassen, Neal D Freedman, Mia M Gaudet and 30 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

40 authors at 20 institutions in 7 countries.

You WuDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Ruyi HuangDepartment of Medical Education, E-DA Hospital and School of Medicine for International Students, School of Medicine, I-SHOU University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-6867-7171
Molin WangDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Leslie BernsteinDepartment of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7692-6518
Traci N BetheaSlone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Chu ChenDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Yu ChenDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
A Heather EliassenDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Neal D FreedmanDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mia M GaudetDepartment of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Gretchen L GierachDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Graham G GilesCancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Vittorio KroghEpidemiology and Prevention Unit Department of Research, IRCCS National Cancer Institute Foundation, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-0122-8624
Susanna C LarssonDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-0118-0341
Linda M LiaoDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Marjorie L McCulloughDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Anthony B MillerDalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Roger L MilneCancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Kristine R MonroeKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Marian L NeuhouserDivision of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Julie R PalmerSlone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Anna PrizmentDivision of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Peggy ReynoldsDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Kim RobienDepartment of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, WA, USA.
Thomas E RohanDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Sven SandinDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Norie SawadaEpidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-9936-1476
Sabina SieriEpidemiology and Prevention Unit Department of Research, IRCCS National Cancer Institute Foundation, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5201-172X
Rashmi SinhaDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Rachael Z Stolzenberg-SolomonDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Shoichiro TsuganeEpidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-4105-2774
Piet A van den BrandtDepartment of Epidemiology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Kala VisvanathanDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0582-8005
Elisabete WeiderpassInternational Agency for Research on Cancer, WHO, Lyon, France.ORCID 0000-0003-2237-0128
Lynne R WilkensUniversity of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Walter C WillettDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Alicja WolkDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Anne Zeleniuch-JacquotteDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Regina G ZieglerDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Stephanie A Smith-WarnerDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
National Cancer Institute · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USHarvard University · USAmerican Cancer Society · USBoston University · USFred Hutch Cancer Center · USNew York University · USThe University of Melbourne · AUUppsala University · SEAlbert Einstein College of Medicine · USCentre international de recherche sur le cancer · FRCity of Hope · USJohns Hopkins University · USKarolinska Institutet · SEMaastricht University · NLMilken Institute · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa · USUniversity of Minnesota · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

Validity of Diet and Activity Measures in WomenP01CA055075 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI WILLETT, WALTER C. · 1991 to 2009
$41.8M
PLCO Trial Etiologic and Early Marker StudyZIACP010152 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI MOORE, STEVEN · 2009 to 2025
$29.9M
Infrastructure Support and Pilot Tissue Collection for the CARET BiorepositoryU01CA167462 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI NEUHOUSER, MARIAN L · 2018 to 2022
$2.9M
The NYU Women's Health StudyU01CA182934 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI CHEN, YU · 2020 to 2023
$2.7M
An assessment of whether aspirin and/or vitamin D improves breast cancer outcomes in Black women and the modifying effect of genetic variantsK01CA212056 · NCI · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI BETHEA, TRACI N. · 2017 to 2021
$656k
NCI NIH HHS K01 CA212056NCI NIH HHS P01 CA055075NCI NIH HHS U01 CA167462NCI NIH HHS U01 CA182934World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEpidemiologic studies examining the relations between dairy product and calcium intakes and breast cancer have been inconclusive, especially for tumor subtypes.

objectiveTo evaluate the associations between intakes of specific dairy products and calcium and risk of breast cancer overall and for subtypes defined by estrogen receptor (ER) status.

methodWe pooled the individual-level data of over 1 million women who were followed for a maximum of 8-20 years across studies. Associations were evaluated for dairy product and calcium intakes and risk of incident invasive breast cancer overall (n = 37,861 cases) and by subtypes defined by ER status. Study-specific multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated and then combined using random-effects models.

resultsOverall, no clear association was observed between the consumption of specific dairy foods, dietary (from foods only) calcium, and total (from foods and supplements) calcium, and risk of overall breast cancer. Although each dairy product showed a null or very weak inverse association with risk of overall breast cancer (P, test for trend >0.05 for all), differences by ER status were suggested for yogurt and cottage/ricotta cheese with associations observed for ER-negative tumors only (pooled HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.98 comparing ≥60 g/d with <1 g/d of yogurt and 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.95 comparing ≥25 g/d with <1 g/d of cottage/ricotta cheese). Dietary calcium intake was only weakly associated with breast cancer risk (pooled HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97, 0.99 per 350 mg/d).

conclusionOur study shows that adult dairy or calcium consumption is unlikely to associate with a higher risk of breast cancer and that higher yogurt and cottage/ricotta cheese intakes were inversely associated with the risk of ER-negative breast cancer, a less hormonally dependent subtype with poor prognosis. Future studies on fermented dairy products, earlier life exposures, ER-negative breast cancer, and different racial/ethnic populations may further elucidate the relation.

Indexed as

Dairy ProductsBreast NeoplasmsCalciumCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMultivariate AnalysisReceptors, EstrogenRisk FactorsCalciumReceptors, Estrogenbreast cancercalciumcheesedairy productsdietmilkpooled analysisyogurt

Identifiers

PMID33964859
PMCPMC8326053
OpenAlexW3162469252

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.