ReviewAdvanced drug delivery reviews2021
Separation, characterization, and standardization of extracellular vesicles for drug delivery applications.
Review in Advanced drug delivery reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed.
- Probiotics and Extracellular Vesicles as Redox Modulators in Wound Healing: From Microbial Therapeutics to Engineered Nanotherapeutic Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Hydrophobically Modified Chitosan in Biomedical Applications: Great Expectations vs. Translational Reality.Polymers · 2026Article
- Proteomic Stability and Ex Vivo Compatibility of a Processed Phospholipoproteic Secretome-Derived Formulation.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Exosomes in Precision Oncology: A Framework for Clinical Utility and Biomedical Applications.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Antioxidant Nanotherapies for Intervertebral Disk Degeneration: Progress and Prospects.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Engineering challenges and translational opportunities in emerging gene delivery platforms.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Therapeutic strategy for exosome-based bone regeneration to osteoporosis: Challenges and potential solutions.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Review
- Stem Cells and Their Derivatives in Cardiac Fibrosis Therapy: Challenges and Perspectives.Cells · 2026Review
- Biogenesis, preparation, characterization, therapeutic mechanisms and safety evaluation of plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Exploiting the role of milk extracellular vesicles: a comprehensive analysis on isolation methods, characterization, surface modifications, and their therapeutic applications.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Engineered exosomes for targeted bone regeneration: design, delivery, and functionalization.Cell and tissue banking · 2026Review
- Therapeutic extracellular vesicle preparationLab on a chip · 2026Article
- Bioengineered Cellular and Acellular Therapies for Ischemic Heart Disease in Clinically Relevant Models.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Liquid Biopsy in Early Screening of Cancers: Emerging Technologies and New Prospects.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Milk-derived extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular therapy: emerging biological functions and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Exosome-Enhanced Sonodynamic Therapy in Cancer: Emerging Synergies and Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancers · 2025Review
- ANG peptide-modified exosomes loaded with oleanolic acid target GPX4 for enhanced breast cancer brain metastasis therapy.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Exosomal miRNAs: A New Frontier in Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis and Treatment.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2025Review
- Harnessing the power of exosomes in leukemia: from molecular messengers to clinical applications.Discover oncology · 2025Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous nanovesicles secreted from living cells, shuttling macromolecules in intercellular communication and potentially possessing intrinsic therapeutic activity. Due to their stability, low immunogenicity, and inherent interaction with recipient cells, EVs also hold great promise as drug delivery vehicles. Indeed, they have been used to deliver nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules in preclinical investigations. Furthermore, EV-based drugs have entered early clinical trials for cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. Despite their appeal as delivery vectors, however, EV-based drug delivery progress has been hampered by heterogeneity of sample types and methods as well as a persistent lack of standardization, validation, and comprehensive reporting. This review highlights specific requirements for EVs in drug delivery and describes the most pertinent approaches for separation and characterization. Despite residual uncertainties related to pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and potential off-target effects, clinical-grade, high-potency EV drugs might be achievable through GMP-compliant workflows in a highly standardized environment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.