ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2021
The Impact of Intensifying Prostate Cancer Screening in Black Men: A Model-Based Analysis.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2022 Update on Prostate Cancer Epidemiology and Risk Factors-A Systematic Review.European urology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Ten Recommendations for Modelling Cost Effectiveness of Screening: Perspectives of an International Stakeholder Group.PharmacoEconomics · 2026Review
- Negative perceptions of the health system and racial inequities in PSA screening.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026Article
- Impact of community-led cancer advocacy program on cancer health outreach and research navigation among immigrants of African descent.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Age-specific racial disparities in the incidence of fatal prostate cancer: an analytic deconstruction.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Article
- Patient and Physician Perceptions of Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing Among Black Individuals.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Contemporary neighborhood redlining and racial mortgage lending bias and disparities in prostate cancer survival.Cancer · 2025Article
- A pilot randomized clinical trial of a smartphone-based application to support at-home PSA screening and culturally tailored prostate cancer education for African American men: A study protocol.Contemporary clinical trials · 2024Article
- Navigating prostate cancer screening in Canada for marginalized men through PSA screening and guidelines adherence A call to action for policymakers.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2024Article
- Access to Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing and Mortality Among Men With Prostate Cancer.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Prostate cancer screening in African American men: a review of the evidence.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Review
- Racial disparities in prostate cancer mortality: a model-based decomposition of contributing factors.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2023Article
- Racial disparities in treatment patterns for localized prostate cancer in an equal access system: What are we missing?Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2023Article
- Investigating the racial gap in prostate cancer screening with prostate-specific antigen among younger men from 2012 to 2020.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2023Article
- Article
- Prevalence of MRI lesions in men responding to a GP-led invitation for a prostate health check: a prospective cohort study.BMJ oncology · 2023Article
- Response to Takahashi.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2022Article
- Prostate cancer screening in Black men in Canada: a case for risk-stratified care.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2022Article
- Racial disparities in prostate cancer among black men: epidemiology and outcomes.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlack men in the United States have markedly higher rates of prostate cancer than the general population. National guidelines for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening do not provide clear guidance for this high-risk population. The purpose of this study is to estimate the benefit and harm of intensified PSA screening in Black men.
methodsTwo microsimulation models of prostate cancer calibrated to incidence from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program among Black men project the impact of different screening strategies (varying screening intervals, starting and stopping ages, and biopsy utilization following an abnormal PSA) on disease-specific mortality and overdiagnosis. Each strategy induces a mean lead time (MLT) for detected cases. A longer MLT reduces mortality according to estimates combining the US and European prostate cancer screening trials but increases overdiagnosis.
resultsUnder historical population screening, Black men had similar MLT to men of all races and similar mortality reduction (range between models = 21%-24% vs 20%-24%) but a higher frequency of overdiagnosis (75-86 vs 58-60 per 1000 men). Screening Black men aged 40-84 years annually would increase both mortality reduction (29%-31%) and overdiagnosis (112-129 per 1000). Restricting screening to ages 45-69 years would still achieve substantial mortality reduction (26%-29%) with lower overdiagnosis (51-61 per 1000). Increasing biopsy utilization to 100% of abnormal tests would further reduce mortality but substantially increase overdiagnosis.
conclusionsAnnual screening in Black men is expected to reduce mortality more than that estimated under historical screening. Limiting screening to men younger than 70 years is expected to help reduce overdiagnosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.