ArticleParasites & vectors2021
Evaluation of two sexual-stage antigens as bivalent transmission-blocking vaccines in rodent malaria.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Malaria vaccines: Current developments and immunological insights.New microbes and new infections · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the transmission-blocking potential ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- A dual-antigen malaria vaccine targeting Pb22 and Pbg37 was able to induce robust transmission-blocking activity.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- A nanoparticle vaccine displaying the ookinete PSOP25 antigen elicits transmission-blocking antibody response against Plasmodium berghei.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Characterization of PSOP26 as an ookinete surface antigen with improved transmission-blocking activity when fused with PSOP25.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Monoclonal antibodies for malaria prevention.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTransmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) is a promising strategy for malaria elimination. It is hypothesized that mixing or fusing two antigens targeting different stages of sexual development may provide higher transmission-blocking activity than these antigens used individually.
methodsA chimeric protein composed of fragments of Pbg37 and PSOP25 was designed and expressed the recombinant protein in Escherichia coli Rosetta-gami B (DE3). After immunizing mice with individual recombinant proteins Pbg37 and PSOP25, mixed proteins (Pbg37+PSOP25), or the fusion protein (Pbg37-PSOP25), the antibody titers of individual sera were analyzed by ELISA. IFA and Western blot were performed to test the reactivity of the antisera with the native proteins in the parasite. The transmission-blocking activity of the different immunization schemes was assessed using in vitro and in vivo assays.
resultsWhen Pbg37 and PSOP25 were co-administered in a mixture or as a fusion protein, they elicited similar antibody responses in mice as single antigens without causing immunological interference with each other. Antibodies against the mixed or fused antigens recognized the target proteins in the gametocyte, gamete, zygote, and ookinete stages. The mixed proteins or the fusion protein induced antibodies with significantly stronger transmission-reducing activities in vitro and in vivo than individual antigens.
conclusionsThere was no immunological interference between Pbg37 and PSOP25. The bivalent vaccines, which expand the portion of the sexual development during which the transmission-blocking antibodies act, produced significantly stronger transmission-reducing activities than single antigens. Altogether, these data provide the theoretical basis for the development of combination TBVs targeting different sexual stages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.