ArticleBMC psychiatry2021
Mediating effect of empowerment on the relationship between global function and personal recovery among community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Relationship Between Staff and Patient Interactions and Patients' Perceptions of Good Quality of Care in Psychiatric Outpatient Services-A Structural Equation Model.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences · 2025Article
- Community-based recovery interventions for improving mental health in schizophrenia patients: a scoping review in Southeast Asia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Empowerment among treatment-engaged individuals living with schizophrenia in Tanzania.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- How family support alleviates death anxiety in breast cancer patients: the mediating role of meaning in life.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFunctional degradation among community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia can negatively influence their recovery. Given the importance of patient empowerment during recovery, this study examined the mediating effect of empowerment on the relationship between global function and personal recovery among community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia.
methodsThis cross-sectional study recruited community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia from northern and central Taiwan. Questionnaires with verified reliability and validity were provided and collected on site by trained nurses. Global function, empowerment, and personal recovery were measured using the Global Assessment of Functioning (developed by the American Psychiatric Association), Empowerment Scale, and Questionnaire on the Process of Recovery, respectively. The causal steps approach proposed by Baron and Kenny and the Sobel test were utilized to verify the mediation effect. The causal steps approach tested the four following pathways (regression coefficients): global function on empowerment (Path a), global function and empowerment as predictors of personal recovery (Path b), global function on personal recovery (Path c), and global function and empowerment on personal recovery (Path c').
resultsA total of 373 participants completed the survey. After controlling for factors associated with recovery, Paths a (β = .24, p < .001), b (β = .68, p < .001), and c (β = .19, p < .001) were found to be significant; however, Path c' was not significant (β = .03, p = .452). Empowerment was determined to exert "full mediation" over the effects of global function on personal recovery, and the Sobel test indicating significant mediation (Z = 3.61, p < .001).
conclusionsEmpowerment fully mediates the association between global function and personal recovery. This study suggested that offering empowerment-oriented care services may be more effective than global function improvement in recovery among these patients.
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