ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2021
Current and Past Infections of HBV Do Not Increase Mortality in Patients With COVID-19.
Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of HBV infection on clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Hepatitis B Virus Infection on Patients with COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Correlation between COVID-19 and hepatitis B: A systematic review.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Pooled it
- HIV causes global B cell dysregulation and restricts HBV-specific B cell development in an incident HBV cohort.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Observational
- The risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in COVID-19 patients treated with corticosteroids: a retrospective observational cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Resolved HBV infection is an independent risk factor for enhanced systemic inflammatory responses in COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- COVID-19 and Liver Injury, Beyond the First Pandemic Waves: Clinical and Immune-Virological Features.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2025Article
- A questionnaire-based survey on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with chronic HBV infection and HIV infection.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Observational
- Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on liver function in patients with hepatitis B.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of acute liver injury in hospitalized adults with acute kidney injury: a large multicenter study.Hepatology international · 2024Article
- Molecular modeling of some commercially available antiviral drugs and their derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 infection.Narra J · 2024Article
- Peripheral blood indicators and COVID-19: an observational and bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.BMC medical genomics · 2024Observational
- Article
- Reply.Gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Causal associations between chronic hepatitis B and COVID-19 in East Asian populations.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Unraveling the Molecular and Cellular Pathogenesis of COVID-19-Associated Liver Injury.Viruses · 2023Review
- Association of current hepatitis B virus infection with mortality in adults with sepsis.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- Clinical Outcomes Following Treatment for COVID-19 With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir and Molnupiravir Among Patients Living in Nursing Homes.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Liver and Biliary Tract Disease in Patients with Coronavirus disease-2019 Infection.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsWe compared risk of acute liver injury and mortality in patients with COVID-19 and current, past, and no HBV infection. APPROACH AND
resultsThis was a territory-wide retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong. Patients with COVID-19 between January 23, 2020, and January 1, 2021, were identified. Patients with hepatitis C or no HBsAg results were excluded. The primary outcome was mortality. Acute liver injury was defined as alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase ≥2 × upper limit of normal (ULN; i.e., 80 U/L), with total bilirubin ≥2 × ULN (i.e., 2.2 mg/dL) and/or international normalized ratio ≥1.7. Of 5,639 patients included, 353 (6.3%) and 359 (6.4%) had current and past HBV infection, respectively. Compared to patients without known HBV exposure, current HBV-infected patients were older and more likely to have cirrhosis. Past HBV-infected patients were the oldest, and more had diabetes and cardiovascular disease. At a median follow-up of 14 (9-20) days, 138 (2.4%) patients died; acute liver injury occurred in 58 (1.2%), 8 (2.3%), and 11 (3.1%) patients with no, current, and past HBV infection, respectively. Acute liver injury (adjusted HR [aHR], 2.45; 95% CI, 1.52-3.96; P < 0.001), but not current (aHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.61-2.70; P = 0.507) or past (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.56-1.46; P = 0.681) HBV infection, was associated with mortality. Use of corticosteroid, antifungal, ribavirin, or lopinavir-ritonavir (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.55-5.63), but not current (aOR, 1.93; 95% CI, 0.88-4.24; P = 0.102) or past (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.62-2.55; P = 0.533) HBV infection, was associated with acute liver injury.
conclusionCurrent or past HBV infections were not associated with more liver injury and mortality in COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.